| A | B |
|---|
| The physical appearance of an individual for a trait | Phenotype |
| The type of genes(alleles) for the individual | Genotype |
| Genes(alleles) are the same for the trait(pure) | Homozygous |
| The genes(alleles) are different(hybrid) | Heterozygous |
| Different forms of genes | Alleles |
| When two different genes are present, this is the gene that shows up | Dominant Allele |
| When two different genes are present, this is the trait that is hidden | Recessive Allele |
| Parents differ in only one characteristic | Monohybrid Cross |
| A four-unit square used to determine the F1 generation, with one P genotype on the top, the other on the left side | Punnet Square |
| Parents differ in two characteristics | Dihybrid Cross |
| Neither allele dominates over the other; heterozygous is intermediate/blending between the phenotypes of two homozygous traits | Incomplete Dominance |
| Both alleles for a trait are dominant, both show up as a trait | Codominance |
| Any gene located on a sex chromosome; uses XH-dominant, Xh-recessive, Y0-none | Sex-Linked Gene |
| Genes of the same type | Pure |
| Different Genes | Hybrid |
| A diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance, or phenotype, of a particular genetic trait from generation to the next in a famliy | Pedigree |
| An Austrian monk that used peas to discover that parents pass heredity to offspring | Gregor Mendel |
| Where several gene pairs contribute to a trait, giving an "additive" effect | Polygenic Inheritance |
| When single genes have multiple phenotypic effects | Pleiotrophy |
| Genes found on the same chromosome | Linked Genes |
| When the expression of one gene depends or is modified by the expression of another gene | Epistasis |
| Each genetic trait is produced by a pair of alleles and this pair separates during meiosis. Members of a pair of alleles maybe the same or different with one dominant over the other. | Mendel's law of Segregation |
| The inheritance of a pair of alleles affecting one trait occurs independently of the inheritance of alleles affecting any other trait | Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment |
