| A | B |
|---|
| Leadership | the incremental influence one individual exerts on another beyond mechanical compliance with routine directives |
| Management vs. Leaders | Managing refers to things; leadership refers to people |
| Planning (what needs to be done) | Managers tend to handle this by planning and budgeting; Leaders set a direction |
| Organizing | Managers staff to create a stucture to accomplish goals; Leaders align the people with the companies vision |
| Directing | Managers solve problems; leaders empower employees to solve problems |
| Controlling | Managers implement control systems (measurable standards, corrective action); Leaders motivate and inspire people to go above normal expectations |
| Transformational Leadership | changes the attitudes and assumptions of employees and builds commitment to the company (look at the chart on p. 116) |
| Transactional Leadership | Management by transactions (reward and penalty system) |
| 3 Variables Affecting Leadership | characteristics of the leader, characteristics of subordinates, and the nature of the task |
| 3 General Leadership Competencies | self efficacy, leadership flexibility, goal orientation |
| Authoritarian Leadership | All decisions made by leader with strict enforcement (most productive) |
| Democratic Leadership | all decisions are majority vote and equal participation is encouraged (highest satisfaction) |
| Laissez-Faire Leadership | stand back and let the people do what they want (very ineffective) |
| The Leadership Grid | 9x9 matrix with task concern on the horizontal axis and people concern on the vertical |
| Leader Behavior Styles | Telling, Selling,, Consulting, Delegating |
| Maturity | the ability and willingness of people to take responsibility for directing their own behavior as it relates to the specific task being performed (job and psychological) |
| Environmental Factors | Leader-member relations; task structure; power position |
| Strategies to Improve Leadership | Organizational Engineering, Leadership Training, Managerial Selection, Reward Leader Behavior |
| Constraints on Leader Behavior | External Factors, Organizational Policies, Group Factors, Individual Skills and Abilities |
