| A | B |
|---|
| Heredity | The passing of traits from parent to offspring. |
| Dominant trait | The trait observed in the first generation when parents that different traits are bred. |
| Recessive trait | A trait that reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred. |
| Gene | One set of instructions for an inherited trait. |
| Allele | One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic |
| Phenotype | An organism’s appearance or other detectable characteristic. |
| Genotype | The entire genetic makeup of an organism. |
| Probability | The likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of that event |
| Homologous chromosomes | Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure. |
| Meiosis | A copying process that produces cells with half the usual number of chromosomes |
| Sex chromosomes | One of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual |
| Pedigree | A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family. |
| Self-pollination | Has both male and female reproductive structures and can fertilize itself. |
| Cross-pollination | Pollen from one plant fertilizes the ovule of a flower on a different plant |
| Homozygous | A plant or animal with two dominant or two recessive alleles. |
| Heterozygous | A plant or animal with one dominant and one recessive allele. |
| Incomplete dominance | When one trait is not completely dominant over another. |
