| A | B |
|---|
| perspective | the appearance of distance or depth on a flat surface, as in a painting. |
| patron | a person who supports the arts or other activities by supplying money for them. |
| city-state | an independent state consisting of a city and its surrounding territory. |
| republic | a form of government in which people elect representatives to rule in their name. |
| humanities | areas of study that focus on human life and culture, such as history, literature, and ethics. |
| hoist | a mechanical device used to lift people or heavy objects. |
| secular | relating to earthly life rather than to religion or spiritual matters. |
| circulation | the movement of blood through the body. |
| chapel | a room, sometimes inside a larger church, set aside for prayer and worship. |
| proportion | the relative sizes of things, such as the length of an arm compared to the overall size of the human body. |
| engraving | a print of an image that has been engraved, or etched, in a hard surface, such as metal. |
| woodcut | a print of an image that has been carved in wood. |
| axis | an imarginary line drawn through a sphere, or ball, such as Earth. |
| dissect | to cut and separate the parts of a living thing for scientific study. |
| New World | the name given by Europeans to the Americas, which were unknown in Europe before the voyages of Christopher Columbus |
| subject | a person under the rule of a monarch. |
| playwright | an author of plays. |
| armada | a large fleet of ships. |
| tragedy | a serious play with a sad ending. |
| satire | a work that uses sharp humor to attack people or society. |
