| A | B |
|---|
| Copernicus | At the forefront of the scientific revoluton. Believed the earth was round, rotated on its axis and revolved around the sun. |
| Hypotheses | theories that attempt to explain a set of facts, on study and observation |
| Galileo Galilei | faced opposition from the catholic church for spreading ideas that contradicted its own position |
| scientific method | steps to find scientific truth through observation and experiments |
| Descartes | inventor of analytic geometry, published "Discourse on Method" to explain his philosophy |
| Isaac Newton | Wrote "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy" often called "Principia" |
| calculus | a system of mathematics that calculates changing forces or quantities. Developed by Newton. |
| Rober Hooke | Discovered the Cell |
| Andreas Vesalius | Made groundbreaking discoveries in anatomy. Published "On the Structure of the Human Body" |
| Joseph Priestley | invented carbonated drinks |
| Natural Law | a universal moral law that, like physical laws, culd be understood by applying reason |
| Natural Rights | rights belonging to all humans from birth |
| Thomas Hobbes | Argued that absolute monarchy was the best form of government. Believed violence and disorder came naturally to human beings. |
| John Locke | Believed that people in a state of nature are reasonable and moral and they have natural rights. |
| Thomas Jefferson | He based much of the Declaration of Independence on Locke's ideas. |
| pacifism | opposition to war or violence |
| Deism | New religious philosophy denouncing orgaized religion. |
| enlightened despots | rulers who sought to govern by Enlightenment principles while mainting thier royal power |
| Rousseau | Wrote "The Social Contract" |
| romanticism | a cultural movement that celebrated emotion and the individual |
