| A | B |
|---|
| Benito Mussolini | fascist dictator of Italy, wanted to lead Italy "back to… greatness" with imperialism and militarism |
| Adolf Hitler | leader of Nazi Germany, wanted lebensraum, believed German Aryans the master race, violated the Treaty of Versailles |
| Nazism | fascist policies of the National Socialist German Workers' party, totalitarianism, racial superiority, state control of industry |
| Fascism | extreme form of nationalism, denial of individual rights, dictatorial one-party rule found in Italy and Germany |
| Communism | Soviet economic system in which all means of production are owned by "the people" (government), private property does not exist |
| Lebensraum | living space for the crowded German Aryans (Eastern Europe and Russia) |
| Anti-Semitism | hatred of Jews, Jews as scapegoats in Germany |
| Joseph Stalin | totalitarian leader of the USSR, signed nonaggression pact with Germany |
| Winston Churchill | British prime minister |
| Franklin Roosevelt | U.S. president |
| Blitzkrieg | German "lightning war," fast-moving planes and tanks followed by infantry took enemies by surprise |
| D-Day | June 6, 1944 -- Allied invasion of Normandy, led to liberation of France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and much of the Netherlands |
| Battle of the Bulge | 1944-1945 -- Allies pushed back the last major offensive by the Germans in Europe |
| Holocaust | Germany's mass slaughter of civilians, especially Jews |
| Ghettoes | segregated urban areas for Jews |
| Final Solution | Hitler's program of systematically killing the entire Jewish people |
| Genocide | the systematic killing of an entire group of people |
| Axis Powers | Germany, Italy, Japan |
| Allies | Great Britain, USSR, France, USA |
| Appeasement | Policy of giving in to an aggressor in the hopes of keeping peace |
| A-bomb | new weapon developed by the United States, killed over 100,000 Japanese, brought an end to war in the Pacific |
| Hiroshima & Nagasaki | two Japanese cities on which the US dropped atomic weapons, over 100,000 died there |
| Nuremburg | German city that hosted the trials of Nazi leaders for "crimes against humanity" |
