| A | B |
|---|
| Who are the Minoans named after? | Minos, a famous king of Crete |
| What was the Minotaur? | . A monster that was half bull, half man and was kept in a labyrinth under the palace |
| A Minoan’s town was usually centered around what? | A Palace |
| Where did the Minoans worshiped their gods? | 1.sacred caves 2. Hilltop sanctuaries, 3, in shrines in their homes |
| Who was the snake goddess? | The guardian of the home |
| Give two reasons why the Minoan civilization might have come to an end? | 1. Their crops suffered serious damage from volcanic ash 2. Many of their harbors |
| What were the two main sacred symbols of the Minoan’s Religion? | 1. The Bull 2. The labrys a double-headed weapon |
| What was their daring religious custom? | Bull leaping |
| How do we know that the Minoans believed in the afterlife? | Because they buried their dead with food and personal possessions |
| What did the Mycenaean civilization began as? | As a series of small hilltop villages |
| How did the Mycenaean’s make a living? | farmers, traders, seafarers and warriors |
| What was the name of the main entrance to Mycenae? | The Lion Gate |
| . By what date did the Mycenaean civilization vanished? | 1100 B.C. |
| The palaces of the Mycenaean’s served what two purposes? | 1. A royal residence 2. As a military headquarter |
| From whom did the Mycenaean’s learn the art of writing from? | . From the Minoans |
| The palaces of the Mycenaean’s were the centre of what? | Economic life |
| Who did many of the artists and craftsmen work for? | The King |
| What was a megaron? | A large hall where the king held court and conducted state business |
| How did rulers and nobles fight? | From chariots drawn by two horses |
| What started the Trojan War? | When Helen of Sparta was kidnapped or went on her own to the city of Troy |
| How long did the Trojan War last? | 10 years |
| Who devised the plan to build a wooden horse? | Odysseus of Ithaca |
| How did the Spartans win the Trojan War? | By building a Wooden Horse to sneak soldiers into the city. |
| What does the term “Trojan Horse” mean today? | It describe a gift that does not really offer what its appearance intends |
| What caused the downfall of the Mycenaean civilization? | What caused the downfall of the Mycenaean civilization? |
| Why is this period known as the Dark Age? | Because we know very little of what happened in Greece during this time period |
| During the Dark Age, what did people forget what to do? | They forgot how to write |
| How long did the Dark Age last? | . 300 years |
| What was the main building materials during the Dark Ages? | Mud brick |
| By the beginning of the dark ages what happened to the population? | It had decreased dramatically |
| Why did the Greeks join together in small groups? | For protection and stability |
| What is the Greek word for a city-state? | Polis |
| What is a Classical Age? | It’s an age that is marked by great achievements |
| What is the Greek word for “market place?” | Agora |
| Where was the fortress located? | On top of a hill called the acropolis |
| What did the life in a city-state focused on? | The market place |
| What was the foundation of the Greek civilization? | The city-state |
| What two things did the city-state give the people of Greece? | security and an identity |
| Give two reasons why the Greeks thought it would be a good idea to establish colonies? | 1. To trade with 2. To help solve their growing population |
| What were the two main groups of people in Ancient Greek? | Free people and slaves |
| Into what two categories were free men divided into? | Citizens and metics |
| A group of wealthy land owners are called… | Nobles |
| What is a government ruled by a few people? | Oligarchy |
| A person who takes power by force, but with the backing of the people is called a | A tyrant |
| What is a government ‘for the people by the people?” | A democracy |
| What was the Spartan’s society dominated by? | By the military |
| The Spartans increased the military role in their society to prevent what from happening? | A slave revolt |
| The Spartans believed that military power was the way to provide what two things for their city? | Security & protection |
| What would happen to a baby at birth if it was not healthy? | It was taken outside the city left to die |
| To toughen them up what were the boys not given to wear, even during the winter months? | Shoes or heavy clothes |
| What did the boys have to do to get most of their food? | Steal it |
| To Spartan soldiers what two things were more important than their own safety? | Courage and Strength |
| They would remain in the military until what age? | Sixty years old |
| Spartans believed that the most important qualities of soldiers were what? | Self-discipline and obedience |
| What was a typical meal of a Spartan soldier? | Black broth-pork boiled in animal blood, salt, and vinegar |
| Who ruled Sparta? | . By two kings who jointly led the army |
| Who had more power then the kings? | Elected officials |
| What three things did the Spartans valve above all else? | discipline, obedience and courage. |
| What happened to the Greek colonies in Asia Minor? | They were defeated by the Persians |
| In 499 B.C. what did the Greek colonies do? | They rebelled against the Persian rule |
| Why did the Persian King get angry with the Greeks? | He was angry because the Greeks had given aid to the rebelling colonies |
| In the first invasion of mainland Greece by the Persians, their fleet landed where? | On the Plains of Marathon |
| What was the distance from Marathon to the city-state of Athens? | About 26 miles |
| What was the time span between the Battle of Marathon and the second invasion by the Persians? | Ten years |
| Who had the strongest army in Greece/ | Sparta |
| Who had the best Navy in Greece? | Athens |
| What did the Persian army do after defeating the Spartans at Thermopile? | They marched to Athens and burnt it to the ground |
| At what battle did the Athens Navy defeat the Persians navy? | At the battle of Salamis |
| What battle ended the Persian Wars? | The Battle of Plataea |
| How long would it take you to get to Sparta from Athens? | It’s a two day trip |
| What did Athenian boys learn? | They learn how to read, write, arithmetic, to sing, to play a musical instrument and to play sports |
| At what age do Athenian boys become citizens? | At the age of eighteen |
| What did the Athenian girls learn bout? | They learn how to do household duties |
| What type of government did Athens have around 600 B.C.? | An oligarchy |
| Who was given credit for forming the first Democracy? | Cleisthenes (KLYS thuh neez). |
| How did Peisistratus (py SIHS truht uhs) seize power in 560 B.C.? | . He won the support of the poor by dividing large estates among landless farmers |
| . At what age did you have to serve in the military? | From the age 18 to 20 years old |
| Beside physical training, what other skills did Spartans have to learn? | They had to learn how to read, write, count and yo sing and play a musical instrument |
| What epic poems did Spartans have to study? | The Illid & the Odyssey (by Homer) |
| What important skill were boys. from wealthy families, taught by tutors? | To become good public speakers |
| What did boys from poor families become? | farmers |
| Why weren’t girls allowed to get much of an education? | Because the men didn’t think the girls needed to be educated |
| When could Athenian women leave their homes? | Usually only on special occasions |
| Who could the Athenian women not disobey? | Their husbands or fathers |
| Where did the assembly meet to discuss and make the city laws? | They met outdoors on a hillside |
| What were citizens encourage to do at assembly meetings? | They were encouraged to make speeches |
| What methods did Athenian use to vote on issues? | They voted by the “show of hands” method or by “secret ballots.” |
