| A | B |
|---|
| Mineral | Inorganic, naturally occuring, solid that has a definite crystal shape and a definite composition |
| Rock | The solid, naturally occuring inorganic substance; formed from 2 or more minerals: 3 types |
| Cleavage | How a rock breaks apart. |
| Streak | The color the mineral makes when scratched across a surface. |
| Hardness | How one mineral is able or unable to scratch another mineral |
| Texture | How the rock feels. |
| Color | The color the minerals have. |
| Luster | The shininess of a rock. |
| Geology | The study of the earth. |
| Lapidarist | a person who cuts, polishes and carves precious stones |
| Vitreous | glass-like appearance or texture |
| Lithification | The process that compacts and cements sediments into a solid rock |
| Igneous | Rock formed from fire/magma |
| Metamorphic | Rock altered/changed within the earth from heat and pressure |
| Sedimentary | Solidified rock formed from rocks that have been weathered, eroded and lithified |
| Fossils | Plants or animals preserved in rock from the geologic past |
| Intrusive | Igneous rocks formed/cooled below the earth’s surface/crust |
| Extrusive | Igneous rocks formed/cooled above or on the earth’s surface/crust |
| Crystallization | The growth and formation of a crystal from liquid rock; the process that produces igneous rocks |
| Crystal structure | The bonding of atoms forming a structure belonging to one of 6-7 crystal systems that exhibits a geometric shape:(cubic, hexagonal, monoclinic, trigonal, tetragonal, and orthorhombic) |
| Geologist | A person who studies the earth’s rocks and Minerals, volcanoes, earthquakes and more. |
| Frederick Moh | Crearted a mineral scale of Hardness in 1830 |
| adamantine | crystals sparkle in mineral |
| greasy | a luster feeling of oily or soapy |
| copper | hardness of 3 |
| glass | 5.5 to 6 |
| Porcelain | 6.5 to 7 |
| fingernail | 2.5 or less |
| magnet | 5 to 5.5 |
| Diamond | Hardest mineral on earth |
| Inorganic | Non-living. One of the 5 requirements of a mineral |
| Naturally Occuring | Not man made, orrurs naturally in the earth |
| Solid | only state of matter a mineral can be |
| Organic | living or once living. Coal and Coquina form from once living organisms |
| Acid test | If rock contains calcite it will fizz when HCL is applied |
| HCL | Hydrochloric Acid |
| Foliated | Banded or layered |
| Banded | Alternating light and dark colors on a Metamorphic rock |
| Weathering | Rocks being broken down by agents of erosion |
| Rock cycle | Any type of rock can become any type of rock |
