| A | B |
|---|
| Imperialism, Nationalism | main causes of tension in Europe before World War I |
| Triple Alliance | before WWI, included Italy, Austria-Hungary, Germany |
| Triple Entente | before WWI, included Russia, Britain, France |
| Balkans | area of Europe where WWI began |
| Francis Ferdinand | Archduke of Austria-Hungary who was assassinated, starting WWI |
| mobilize | to prepare for war |
| Central Powers | included the Ottoman Empire, Germany, Austria-Hungary during WWI |
| Allied Powers | included Great Britain, Russia, France during WWI |
| ally | a friend |
| trench | ditch |
| stalemate | conflict in which neither side can gain a clear advantage |
| Western Front | where most of the fighting in WWI occured, included hundreds of miles of trenches |
| Eastern Front | where the Central Powers fought Russia; it closed before the war ended |
| global | world-wide |
| blockade | effort by military forces to stop supplies from going into an area |
| zeppelins | airships used by the Germans to bomb British cities/factories |
| Czar Nicholas II | leader of Russia who was overthrown because of lack of food |
| civilians | people who are not in the armed forces |
| neutral | not on a side; the U.S. remained this during the first part of the war |
| armistice | peace agreement; Germany asked for it in 1918 |
| League of Nations | association formed to prevent future wars like WWI |
| Treaty of Versailles | forced Germany to reduce/limit its army and navy, & pay large amounts of $ to the Allies |
| Woodrow Wilson | U.S. president who helped form the League of Nations |
| U.S. Senate | voted against joining the League of Nations to prevent the U.S. from entering another foreign conflict |
| offensive | attack |
| total war | involves all people, including people who are not actually fighting |
