| A | B |
| WAIS-R | individually administered intelligence test for individuals 12 and older |
| Strong-Campbell | inventory used to determine individual's preferences in different occupations |
| Kuder | survey used to measure individual's aptitude for various occupations |
| WISC-III | individually administered intelligence test for individuals 6 to 16 |
| SCAT | two-part achievement test for college entrance |
| ACT | four-part achievement test for college entrance |
| realist approach | belief that knowledge is absolute and determined by nature of the material world |
| relativist approach | belief that knowledge depends upon the mind of the particular observer |
| creative thinking | generation of many possible solutions to a problem |
| inert knowledge | facts and concepts incorporated into memory without the ability to use them to solve problems |
| tracking | system of different programs of study for students of different ability levels |
| defended realism | distinguishing fact from opinion and acknowledging difference of opinions among people |