| A | B |
|---|
| What did Philip want his palace to demonstrate about his monarchy? | That he was a strong and religious king. |
| Explain why Spain's economy did not really benefit from the gold and silver from the Americas. | It caused inflation; it also did not go to buy Spanish goods but was used to buy foreign goods or to pay off foreign loans. |
| How was Philip II trypical of an absolute monarch? | He i nvolved himself in every aspect of government, he trusted no one but himself, he built an imposing palace to impress people, he tried to force his subjects to accept his religion, he raised taxes. |
| What does the art described in this section reveal about the cultures of Spain and the Netherlands? | Valazquez showed pride of Spanish monarchs; El Greco showed Catholic faith in Spain; Rembrandt and Vermeer showed the importance of merchants, civic leader, and the middle class in the Netherlands. |
| What were the effects of Henry's conversion to Catholicism and of the Edict of Nantes? | They restored peace to France by ending religious wars, but they prompted a fanatic to assassinate Henry. |
| How did Richelieu's actions toward Huguenots and the nobility strenthen the monarchy? | By taking away their fortifications, he lessened the chance they could defy the king's orders; by increasing middleclass officials, he made the king more independent of noble influence. |
| What effects did the years of riots have on Louis XIV? on his subjects? | Louis increased his power so no one could ever threaten him again; the subjects allowed him to do so because they hoped a strong leader would prevent future turmoil. |
| How did Louis's treatment of the nobles reflect his belief in his absolute authority? | He wanted to control the nobles' lives so he made them live at court, where he could watch them. |
| How did Louis's wars against weaker countries backfire? | He motivated his enemies to band together and therby becmoe strong enough to rival France. |
| Why did Ferdinand attack Northern Germany? | To punish Protestants who aided the Czech uprising. |
| Judging from their actions, do you think the two French cardinals were motivated more by religion or politics? why? | Politicsm because the needs of their king ahead of the fight against Protestantism. |
| How did the economies of central and western Europe differ? | Western Europe developed capitalism and towns, while central Europe remained more feudal. |
| What steps did the Prussian monarchs take to become absolute monarchs? | They created a standing army, limited the power of the nobles, and madem ilitary conquests. |
| Why would iron ore, agriculture, and textiles be helpful acquisitions for Frederick the Great? | Frederick needed to feed and clothe his troops and supply them with weapons. Also, by gaining these resources through conquest, he freed more of his own citizens to be in the army. |
| What were the long-term effects of Ivan's murder of his oldest son? | First Russia was aruled by a weak czar, then it experienced turmoil as several struggled to gain power, and finally the Romanov dynasty was established. |
| Restate the main reasons that Russia was culturally different from western Europe. | It had feudal rather than a commerical economy; it had been influenced by Constaninipole and the Moongols; it followed a different form of Christianity. |
| Juding from this remark, what was Peter's view of his people? | That they wer backward and stubborn; that they were wrong and he was right. |
| Which of Peter's actions in the building of St. Petersburg demonstrate his power as an absolute monarch? | He ordered peasants to work there, and he ordered nobles to move there. |
| Explain how the Petition of Right constradicted the idea of absolute monarch. | An absolute sovereign was supposed to be avoce everyone; the Petition of Right said that the law and Parliament could limit the power of the English monarch. |
| How was the overthrow of James II differnt from the overthrow of Charles I? | It was basically peaceful; there was no excution of the king; the monarchy was not abolished. |
