| A | B |
|---|
| Darwin | British Naturalist, published a Theory of Evolution due to natural selection. Lacked an explanation for how organisms passed on genes, which would be discovered by Mendel |
| Lamarck | French Nobleman, believed organisms adapt to the demands of their environment, but it was according to a conscious want: "Vitalism" (ie. giraffes have long necks because they stretched them out getting to high leaves) |
| Cuvier | French Nobleman, "The Pope of Bones"--father of paleontology. Expert in comparative anatomy. Tackled issue of extinction with concept of "Catastrophism" |
| Mendel | Austrian Monk, worked with pea plants to determine the mechanism for passing of genetic information |
| Buffon | French Nobleman, believed species change over time in response to natural laws and environment. Believed two species could be derived from a common ancestor |
| Wallace | British Naturalist, developed a Theory of Evolution due to natural selection which was pre-empted by Darwin's publication. Considered father of biogeography |
| Lyell | Geologist, developed principles of geology and "Uniformitarianism" |
| Linnaeus | Created the "Systemae Naturae"--a system of Binomial Nomenclature |
| Malthus | Population growth exponentially exceeds food increase. Overpopulation is checked by a struggle for existence. Since not all organisms can adequately get food, they die. |
