| A | B |
|---|
| Chromosomal disorders | Too many or too few chromosomes |
| Genetic Diseases | One or more genes are defective |
| Trisomy | you have 3 copies of one chromosome |
| Monosomy | one chromosome is missing its pair |
| Nondisjunction | means failure of chromosomes to separate |
| Genes | Functional units of DNA |
| Proteins | contain a long chain of amino acids |
| Transcription | when the DNA sequence is transformed into an mRNA sequence |
| Translation | when the RNA sequence determines the amino acid sequence |
| Codons | Three mRNA bases which code for one amino acid or a stop signal |
| Genetic Code | Determines the order of amino acids based on mRNA sequence |
| Mutations | change in one or more DNA base sequence |
