| A | B |
|---|
| cuticle | A waxy, waterproof layer on the leaves and stem that helps protect water loss. |
| vascular tissue | A system of tubelike structures inside a plant through which water, minerals and food move. |
| zygote | a fertilized egg produced by the joining of a sperm cell with an egg cell |
| nonvascular plant | Lowgrowing plants that do not have true vascular tissue |
| vascular plant | Plants with true vascular tissue. |
| sporophyte | the stage in the life cyle of the plant in which spores are produced |
| gametophyte | the stage in the life cycle of the plant in which gametes (sex cells) are produced. |
| rhizoid | Thin rootlike structures that anchor mosses and absorb water and nutrients |
| frond | leaf of a fern plant |
| phloem | The vascular tissue through which food moves in some plants |
| xylem | the vascular tissue through which water and nutrients move in some plants |
| pollen | tiny particles produced by seed plants that contain the cells that will later become the sperm cells |
| seed | the plant structure that contains a young plant inside a protective covering. |
| embryo | The young plant that develops from the zygote or fertilized egg. |
| cotyledon | a seed leaf |
| germination | the sprouting of the embryo from a seed that occurs where the embryo resumes growth |
| root cap | a structure that covers the tip of a root protecting it from injury |
| cambium | a layer of cells in a plant that produces new phloem and xylem |
| transpiration | The process by which water evaporates from a plant's leaves. |
| gymnosperm | A seed plant that produces naked seeds (ones not enclosed by a protective fruit) |
| cone | Reproductive structure of a gymnosperm |
| ovule | A structure that contains an egg cell. |
| pollination | The transfer of pollen from a male reproductive structure to a female reproductive structure. |
| angiosperm | A flowering plant that produces flowers and produces seeds that are enclosed in fruits. |
| flower | The reproductive structure of an angiosperm. |
| sepal | The leaflike structure that encloses a flower while it is still a bud. |
| petal | a colorful, leaflike structure of some flowers |
| stamen | Male reproductive parts of a flower |
| pistil | Female reproductive parts of a flower |
| ovary | The hollow structure in the pistil that protects the ovules and seeds as they develop. |
| fruit | A ripened ovary and other structures that enclose one or more seeds. |
| monocot | Angiosperms that have one seed leaf. |
| dicot | an angiosperm that has two seed leaves |
| tropism | A plant's growth response toward or away from a stimulus. |
| hormone | chemicals that produce a specific effect such as growth or development |
| auxin | a plant hormone that speeds up the rate at which a plant's cell grows. |
| photoperiodism | A plant's response to seasonal changes in length of day and nights. |
| short-day plant | This plant flowers when nights are longer than the plant's critical night length. |
| long-day plant | This plant flowers when nights are shorter than this plant's critical night length. |
| critical night length | The number of hours of darkness that determines whether or not a plant will flower. |
| day-neutral plant | a plant whose flowering cycle is not sensitive to periods of light and dark |
| dormancy | A period when an organism's growth or activity stops. |
| annual | Flowering plants that complete a life cycle within one growing season. |
| biennial | Angiosperms that complete their life cycle in two years. |
| perennial | Flowering plants that live more than two years. |
