| A | B |
|---|
| pen | penis |
| phal | penis |
| spermat | sperm |
| genesis | creation |
| ur | urine |
| ologist | specialist |
| balan | glans penis |
| andr | male/masculine |
| pause | stopping |
| an | without |
| orch | testicle |
| ism | abnormal condition |
| crypto | hidden |
| cele | hernia/swelling |
| varic | varicose veins |
| Homeostasis | body maintains constant internal environment (homeo means constant, stasis means control) |
| Urea | major waste product of protein metabolism |
| Renal | pertaining to kidneys (ren means kidney, al means pertaining to) |
| Cortex | outer portion of an organ |
| Urochrome | pigment that gives urine its normal yellow color (ur means urine, chrome means color) |
| Perstalsis | series of wave-like contractions, moves urine down each ureter to the bladder |
| Sphincter | ring-like muscle that closes a passageway |
| Meatus | external opening of a canal |
| Micturition | excreting urine |
| Genitourinary | the genital and urinary organs |
| dermis | the layer of skin that contains a rich blood supply, hair follicles, and sweat and oil glands |
| decubitus ulcer | area of death of skin tissue resulting from prolonged pressure especially over bony area |
| nocturia | having to get up to urinate several times during the night |
| renal | referring to the kidney |
| nephron | the functional unit of the kidney; the numbers of these units decrease with age. |
| frequency | having to urinate often |
| epidermis | the layer of skin where melanin is found; this layer is constantly shed and oil keeps it water repellant and pliable |
| urgency | the sudden strong desire to urinate |
| cystitis | an inflammation/infection of the urinary bladder |
| pruritis | itching |
| chochlea | snail-shaped, fluid filled organ of the inner ear |
| tympanic membrane | the ear drum |
| lens | focuses light rays onto the retina |
| cerumen | ear wax |
| lacrimal ducts | located above and to the inside of the eye; produce tears |
| gait | how one walks |
| incus, malleus, stapes | tiny bones of the inner ear |
| pinna | the external ear |
| osteoarthritis | inflammation and swellin gof the joints |
| conjuctiva | the mucous membrane lining of the eye |
| Compound | A fracture that has bone protruding from the skin |
| Diarthrotic | The most common type of joint; freely moveable |
| Tronchanter Roll | This helps to prevent external rotation of the hip. |
| Arthroplasty | The procedure for replacing or refashioning a joint. |
| Osteogenic Sarcoma | Malignant bone tumor |
| Rib | A type of flat bone |
| Cervical | There are 7 of these vertebrae |
| Axial | This part of the skeleton includes the skull, thorax, and vertebrae. |
| Rehumatoid Arthritis | Inflammation of the lining of joints. |
| Synarthrotic | Skull bones would be examples of non-moveable joints. |
| Lumbar | These vertebrae follow the thoracic vertebrae. |
| Tonic | A continual partial contraction, muscles of normal people while awake important for posture |
| Isotonic | Contraction when pressure or tension remains the same but the length changes producing movement |
| Iso | same |
| Tonic | pressure or tension |
| Isometric | Muscle length stays same but muscle tension increases, tightens but doesn't produce movement or do work. |
| Twitch | A quick jerky contraction in response to a single stimuli, usually less than 1/10 of a second |
| Tetanic | More sustained than a twitch, a series of stimuli bombarding a muscle inr apid succession (30 per second) |
| Treppe | A muscle contracts more forcefully after it has contracted a few times than at first. |
| Fibrillation | Abnormal type of contraction, individual fibers contract out of synchronization producing flutter but no effective movement. |
| Convulsion | Abnormal, incoordinated tetanic contractions of groups of muscles. |
| Flexors | decrease angle of joint |
| extensors | return the part from flexion to normal. |
| abductors | move bone away from midline |
| adductors | move toward midline |
| rotators | cause a part ot pivot upon its axis |
| elevators | raise a part |
| depressors | lower a part |
| sphincerts | reduce the size of an opening |
| tensors | tense a part |
| supinators | turn hand palm up |
| pronators | turn hand palm down |
| Colon | The large intestine |
| Bile | A secretion of the liver stored in the gallbladder |
| Duodenal Ulcer | A sore or tissue breakdown in the duodenum |
| Cholecystectomy | Surgical removal of a diseased gallbladder and stones |
| Flatus | gas |
| Cholelithiasis | Formation of stones in the gallbladder |
| Duodenal Resection | Removal of part of the duodenum |
| Cholecystitis | Inflammation of the gallbladder |
| Colostomy | Artificial opening in the abdomen for the purpose of evacuating feces |
| Mastication | The act of chewing |
| Bucca | cheek |
| Cheilos | lip |
| Dent | tooth |
| Gingival | gum |
| Glossa | tongue |
| Labium | lip |
| Lingua | tongue |
| Odont | tooth |
| Os | mouth |
| Staphyle | bunch of grapes |
| Stoma | mouth |
| Uvula | little grape |
| Cholesterol | A calorie free waxy substance helps transmit nerve impulses provides a source of Vit D in the skin and aids in fat absorption |
| Carbohydrate | A nutrient that supplies 4 calories (energy) per gram can be found in fruits breads vegetables and dairy. |
| Protein | A nutrient needed for growth and tissue maintenance. Can be found in meats. |
| Lipid | Another name for fat |
| Metabolism | The sum total of the physical and chemical processes and reactions taking place in the body. |
| Islets of Langerhans | Specialized cells found within the pancreas; secrete insulin and glucagon |
| Insulin | A hormone produced in the pancreas allows cells to use sugar for energy |
| Anorexia Nervosa | An eating disorder in which the person has an intense fear of becoming fat. |
| Bulimia | An eating disorder in which the person binges and purges but can maintain a relatively normal weight. |
| Hydrocholoric Acid | A main ingredient in gastric juice. |
| Dysphagia | difficulty in swallowing |
| Parotitis | inflammation of one set of salivary glands. |
| Dyspepsia | imperfect digestion |
| Halitosis | offensive odor of breath |
| Gingivitis | inflammation of the gum tissue |
| Adenotonsillectomy | tonsils and adenoids are removed |
| Gastroenteritis | inflammation of the stomach and small intestine |
| Aphagia | inability to swallow |
| Regurgitation | back flow of gastric contents into the mouth |
| Gastritis | acute or chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa |
| Tonsillitis | inflammation of the lymph tissue found in the oropharynx |
| Fissure | Tear in the anal mucosa that may become ulcerated. |
| Dyspepsia | Imperfect digestion |
| Hemorrhoids | Dilated varicose veins of the anal canal |
| Cholestasis | Impaired or obstructed bile flow |
| IcterusJaundice | Yellow discoloration of skin |
| Vermiform | Shape of a worm |
| Pyrosis | Heartburn |
| Peritoneum | Sac of serous membrane that lines the abdominal wall |
| Hematemesis | Vomiting blood |
| Polyphagia | Excessive food intake |
| Osteoarthritis | This results when the lining of a joint wears out. |
| Contusion | The medical name for bruise |
| Comminuted | A fracture that has bone splintered into fragments |
| Femur | An example of a long bone |
| Thoracic | There are 12 of these vertebrae |
| Vertebrae | An example of an amphiarthrotic joint |
| Bursitis | Inflammation of the sac of synovial fluid |
| Dislocation | An injury in which a bone end that forms part of a joint is displaced. |
| Foot Board | A device used to prevent foot contracture |
| Flexion | Decrease the angle of a joint |
| Abduction | Moving a part away from midline. |
| Traction | Exertion or pull by means of weights and pulleys |
