| A | B |
|---|
| *Main Idea | The central thought; what the passage is mostly about |
| Setting | Time and Place where the story is "set" up |
| Character Development/Chracter Traits | What a character says, thinks, looks like, does, and how other characters react to him/her |
| Plot | The plan of the story; the order in which the events happened |
| *Theme | Lesson learned in a story |
| *Conflict | PROBLEM: Struggle between two opposing sides |
| *Climax | The high point of excitement in the story WHERE the conflict starts being SOLVED |
| Resolution | Point in story where the conflict comes to end |
| Predict | Use background knowledge about what you'll read and clues from story to "GUESS" what will happen next |
| Prior/Background knowledge | What you know from experience about the topic |
| Non-fiction | Not fake; True |
| Narrative | A story Ex. "The Three Little Pigs" |
| *Simile | His dreams were like tears falling from the sky. |
| *Metaphor | The bank was a vampire sucking money from everyone. |
| *Hyperbole | The rabbit was traveling at the speed of sound. |
| *Synonyms | Same - Small : Little |
| Antonyms | Opposite - Open : Closed |
| Analogy | Animal to habitat- fox:den :: fish : sea |
| *Personification | The wind laughed as it blew more snow. |
| *Onomatopeia | "Crash!" "tinkle" "Aawk" "Whooo" |
| Drawing Conclusions | Using information from the story & information from story to make a true statement |
| Narrative Elements | Plot, Character, Setting, Conflict, Theme |
| Genre | A type of literature: either fiction or non-fiction Ex. Personal narrative, folk tale, poetry, etc. |
| Summary | Short form; Choose just the main events or facts - no details |
| *Stanza | A paragraph in poetry |
| Alliteration | Having two/three or more words in a sentence starti with the same letter |
| *Revising | Reread, rethink, rewrite, add details |
| Paraphrase | To put what you read in your own words |
| Context Clues - Example | Context clues: “Skyscrapers”, such as the Empire State Building, are in New York. |
| Context Clues - Synonyms | Context Clues: Jenna thought that Carley’s beautiful gown was just gorgeous. |
| To InFer | Figure out |
| Context Clues | Words in a sentence that help you figure out meaning of unknown word |
| personal narrative | A story about just "part" of someone's life |
| biography | A story of ALL of your life written by someone else |
| autobiography | A story about ALL of your life written by yourself |
| Multiple Meaning Words | One word that has more than one meaning Ex. "bat" |
| Cause & Effect | A way of organizing that states an effect and what made it |
| Sequential | A method of organizing that lists things in "some" order |
| Chronological | An organizational pattern that is based on the time of events happening |
| Problem & Solution | An organizational pattern that poses a difficulty first - then ways to work it out |
| Author's purpose: entertain | An author writes usually a narrative just so readers can enjoy, get scared, laugh, etc. |
| Author's purpose: inform | An author writes ONLY to present information the reader needs to know |
| Author's pupose: persuade | An author writes to change readers' minds;convince readers to do something |
| Internal Conflict | A problem going on inside a character; trying to make a decision |
| External Conflict | A problem between character and outside force; Ex. another character, nature, etc. |
| Historical Fiction | A made-up story that includes true facts about history |
| Folk Literature | Stories that are passed down from one set of folks to other generations: folk tales, fables, myths, and legends |
| Informational text | Any text (writing) presenting information: directions, non-fiction article; newspaper, etc. |
| Sensory Imagery Words | Describing words that appeal to the senses that makes readers picture what is being written |
| Footnotes | Notes on the bottom of page |
| Graphics | Pictures, charts, maps, etc. |
| Almanac | Used to look up facts and statistics |
| Atlas | Book of maps |
| Word Reference Materials | Books & other resources to help readers learn meanings and pronunciations of words |
| Thesaurus | A book that has synonyms & antonyms in ABC order |
| Italics | Words written on a "slant" used to grab the readers' attention |
| Headings or Sub-headings | Bolded words introducing a particular subject |
| Fiction | Fake; short stories, novels, and dramas |
| Short story | A narrative that could be read quickly in one sitting |
| Sensory Image - sight | The rainbow was a blend of colors sparkling against the snow-covered mountains |
| Sensory Image - hearing | The loud rumbling of metal hitting metal pierced the night air |
| Sensory Image - taste | The sweaty, salty taste of liquid entered his mouth |
| Sensory Image - touch | Icy cold rain fell on him and sent shivers throught out his body |
| Sensory Image - smell | The sharp, overbearing smell of moldy bread & sour milk |
| Type Set In Color | Words in other than black to grab the reader's attention |
| Side bars | Words or notes written in the margin to help reader better understand passage |
| Word Reference Materials | Dictionary, Thesaurus, Glossaries, On-line Sources |
| Prefix | A chunk of letters at the beginning of the word to change the word's meaning |
| Suffix | A chunk of letters added to the end of the word to change the word's meaning |
| Base/Root word | Basic part of the word that carries the meaning to which prefixes & suffixes can be added |
| Prefix example | REtake; BIfocal |
| Suffix example | toothLESS; breakING; grateFUL |
| Which word is defined? | This means a defininition of a word, ex. recipe, directions for cooking something is given |
| Figurative Language | A simile, metaphor, or hyperbole where words don't mean what they say |
| Literal language | Words mean what they say Turn off the lights mean Turn off the lights |
| Author's Tone | How the author feels about the subject |
| Mood | How a reader feels after seeing or reading the piece |
| Personal Narrative/Essay | One person writes a story about ONE incident or subject |
| Information Implied | Information not stated directly but clues are given so you can figure it out |
| Point of View 1st person | Told using "I" |
| Point of View 3rd person | Told using "he, she, or they" |
| Technical Vocabulary | Words with a specialized meaning Ex: byte is vocabulary about computers |
