| A | B |
|---|
| endocrine gland | A structure of the endocrine system that produces and releases its chemical products directly into the bloodstream.(p.641) |
| hormone | A chemical product of an endocrine gland that produces a specific effect such as growth or development. (p. 641) |
| target cell | A cell in the body that recognizes a hormone's chemical structure. (p. 642)I |
| hypothalamus | A part of the brain that links the nervous system and the endocrine system. (p. 642) |
| pituitary gland | An endocrine gland that controls many body activities. (p.644) |
| negative feedback | A process in which a system is turned off by the condition it produces. (p. 644) |
| egg | A female sex cell. (p. 649) |
| sperm | A male sex cell. (p. 649) |
| testis | Organ of the male reproductive system in which sperm and testosterone are produced. (p.650) |
| testosterone | A hormone produced by the testis that controls the development of physical characteristics in mature men. (p.650) |
| scrotum | An external pouch of skin in which the testes are located. (p. 650) |
| semen | A mixture of sperm and fluids. (p.651) |
| penis | The organ through which both semen and urine leave the male body. (p. 651) |
| urethra | A small tube through which urine flows from the body. (p.651) |
| ovary | Organ of the female reproductive system in which eggs and estrogen are produced. (p. 652) |
| estrogen | A hormone produced by the ovaries that controls the development of eggs and adult female characteristics. (p. 652) |
| fallopian tube | A passage way for eggs from an ovary to the uterus. (p. 652) |
| uterus | The hollow muscular organ of the female reproductive system in which a fertilized egg develops. (p. 653) |
| vagina | A muscular passageway leading to the outside of the body; also called the birth canal (p. 653) |
| menstrual cycle | The cycle of changes that occurs in the female reproductive system, during which an egg develops and the uterus prepares for the arrival of a fertilized egg. (p.653) |
| follicle | A grouping of cells in which an egg matures in an ovary. (p. 654) |
| ovulation | The process in which a mature egg is released from the ovary into a fallopian tube. (p. 654) |
| menstruation | The process in which the thickened lining of the uterus breaks down, and blood and tissue then pass out of the female body. (p. 654) |
| embryo | A developing human during the first eight weeks after fertilization. (p. 657) |
| differentiation | The process by which cells change in structure and become capable of carrying out specialized functions. (p.657) |
| fetus | A developing human from the ninth week of development until birth. (p. 658) |
| amniotic sac | A fluid-filled sac that cushions and protects a developing embryo and fetus in the uterus. (p. 659) |
| placenta | A membrane that becomes the link between the developing embryo or fetus and the mother. (p. 659) |
| umbilical cord | A rope-like structure that forms between the embryo or fetus and the placenta. (p. 659) |
| adolescence | The stage of development between childhood and adulthood when children become adults physically and mentally. (p. 662) |
| puberty | The period of sexual development in which the body becomes able to reproduce. (p. 663) |
