| A | B |
|---|
| Plasma membrane | A barrier that surrounds the cell and functions in controlling what goes in and out of the cells and in the passage of chemical messages to and from the cell. |
| Phospholipids | Make up the bilayer of the plasma membrane |
| Peripheral | Proteins attached to either surface of the plasma membrane |
| Integral | Proteins embedded into the bilayer of the plasma membrane |
| Channel proteins | Provide a passageway for substances through the plasma membrane |
| Carrier proteins | Have binding sites that can grab onto specific molecules and moves them across the cell membrane. |
| Hydrophillic | The water bonding head end of a phospholipid molecule |
| Hydrophobic | The warer avoiding tail end of a phospholipid molecule |
| Plasmodesmata | Cytoplasmic strands passages found in walls of all plant cells |
| Tonicity | The concentration of the outside solution compared to the cell |
| Passive transport | Molecules move from [high] to [low] without the use of energy. |
| Active transport | Movement against a concentration gradient from [low] to [high] with the use of energy. |
| Diffusion | The movement of molecules from [high] to [low] concentration |
| Facilitated diffusion | When molecules diffuse across the cell membrane with the aid of channel or carrier proteins |
| Osmosis | Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane |
| Isotonic | The concentration of solutes and water in the same outside and inside the cell. |
| Hypertonic | A solution with a concentration of solutes higher than inside the cell. |
| Hypotonic | A solution with a concentration of solutes lower than inside the cell. |
| Endocytosis | The plasma membrane engulfs substances from outside the cell and puts them in a vesicle inside the cell. |
| Phagocytosis | The engulfing of large particles by endocytosis. |
| Pinocytosis | The engulfing of small particles or liquids by endocytosis. |
| Exocytosis | The removal of waste, or secretions by a vesicle attaching to the plasma membrane |
| Solute | The dissolved solids in a solution |
| Solvent | The liquid of a solution |
