| A | B |
|---|
| subcontinent | a large landmass smaller than a continent |
| Hindu Kush Mountains | divides the subcontinent from Central Asia |
| Himalayas | mountain range of high mountains along northern India |
| Mount Everest | world's highest mountain at 29,035 ft. along border or Nepal and China |
| K2 Mountain | world's second highest mountain in northern Pakistan |
| Ganges River | most important river in India flows across northern India |
| delta | landform at mouth of a river created by sediment deposits |
| Genges Plain | vast area of rich farmland along Genges River |
| Indus River Valley | fertile plain once home to the first civilizations and now densely populated |
| Deccan Plateau | large hilly plateau south of the Genges Plain |
| Thar | Great Indian Desert east of Indus Valley |
| monsoons | seasonal winds bringing moist or dry air to an area |
| Harrappan Civilization | first urban civilization in Pakistan valley (2300 - 1700BC) |
| Aryans from Central Asia | powerful warriors conquered and settled along Indus and Genges Rivers |
| Sanskrit | Aryan language of Aryans |
| Hindi | official language of India related to Sanskrit |
| Hinduism | official religion of India |
| Mauryan Empire | ruled around 320 BC |
| Emperor Asoka | helped spread Buddhism in India |
| Gupta Empire | made trade important |
| Mughai Empire | established by Barbar in 1626 |
| British East India Company | established trade in northern India in early 1600s |
| British Empire | government takes direct control of India in 1858 |
| 1947 | India and Pakistan gain independence |
| colony | territory inhabited and controlled by people from a foreign land |
| 1857 | Indian troops revolt against British rule |
| Indian National Congress | created by Indians to gain rights and opportunities |
| Mohandas Gandhi | leader of nonviolent resistence to British rule |
| Father of India | Mohandas Gandhi |
| partition | division into two countries: India and Pakistan |
| Hinduism | dominant religion in India |
| Islam | main religion in Pakistan |
| Brahman | Hindu belief of a single spirit of universe |
| Buddhism | religion based on teachings of Siddhartha Gautama |
| Siddartha Gautama | the Buddha |
| caste system | social division based on birth or occupation |
| Bombay | Mumbai - one of largest cities in India |
| Kolkata | Calcutta - one of largest cities in India |
| Urbanization | increase in the number of people living in cities |
| green revolution | a program to adopt modern agricultural methods |
