| A | B |
|---|
| anatomy | the study of the structure of body parts |
| physiology | the study of the function of body parts |
| chemical level | the lowest level of organization; includes atoms and molecules |
| cellular level | the second lowest level of organization |
| cell | the basic structural and functional unit of the body |
| tissue | similar cells grouped together to perform a particular function |
| organ | made up of two or more different tissues that work together to perform a specific function |
| 4 types of tissues | epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous |
| organ systems | made up of different organs that are arranged in functional groups coordinated to perform specific tasks |
| organism | highest level of organization |
| homeostasis | the body's ability to maintain relatively stable and constant internal conditions |
| anatomical position | standing upright, facing forward, arms straight at the side with palms facing forward, eyes open |
| sagittal plane | divides the body or an organ into right and left portions |
| frontal (coronal) plane | divides the body or an organ into front (anterior) and back (posterior) portions |
| transverse plane | divides the body or an organ into superior (top) and inferior (bottom) portions |
| superior direction | above, higher |
| inferior direction | below, lower |
| anterior (ventral) direction | toward the front |
| posterior (dorsal) direction | toward the back |
| medial direction | toward the midline |
| lateral direction | away from the midline |
| superficial direction | toward the surface |
| deep direction | within; interior to |
| proximal direction | closer to the trunk than |
| distal direction | father from trunk than |
| 2 main body cavities | dorsal and ventral |
| 2 cavities of the dorsal cavity | cranial and vertebral (spinal) |
| 3 cavities of the ventral cavity | thoracic, abdominal and pelvic |
| diaphragm | the structure that separates the thoracic and abdominal-pelvic cavities |
| 2 portions fo the body | axial and appendicular |
| axial portion | includes head, neck and trunk, and all body cavities |
| appendicular portion | includes arms and legs |
| abdominal region | refers to the anterior trunk below the diaphragm |
| brachial region | refers to the arm |
| carpal region | refers to the wrist |
| cephalic region | refers to the head |
| cervical region | refers to the neck |
| cranial region | refers to the skull region protecting the brain |
| cutaneous region | refers to the skin or body surface |
| dorsal region | refers to the back |
| femoral region | refers to the thigh |
| gluteal region | refers to the buttocks |
| lumbar region | refers to the lower back between the ribs and pelvis |
| pedal region | refers to the foot |
| tarsal region | refers to the ankle |
| thoracic region | refers to the chest |
| normal body temperature | 98.6 F or 37 C |
