| A | B |
|---|
| volume | amount of space that an object occupies |
| l X W X H | formula for volume |
| viscosity | a characteristic of a substance that flows |
| radiation | how energy from the sun travels to earth |
| what happens to more dense fluid in a convection current | sinks |
| What happens to less dense fluid in a convection current | rises |
| energy conservation | reduction in the use of energy |
| renewable energy sources | coal, hydroelectric, wind geothermal |
| non-renewable energy sources | coal, natural gas, oil |
| what coal is formed from | remains of plants |
| what oil is formed from | remains of animals, algae and other organisms |
| organic | materials made from once living organisms |
| inorganic | materials not made from once living organisms |
| subduction | the process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath continental crust |
| tension | type of stress force that produces normal faults |
| compression | type of stress force that produces reverse faults |
| shearing | type of stress force that produces strike-slip faults |
| hanging wall | the block of rock that lies above the fault |
| footwall | the block of rock that lies below the fault |
| three scales that measure earthquakes | Mercalli Scale, Richter Scale, Moment Magnitude Scale |
| P Waves | first waves to arrive at a seismograph |
| S Waves | the second waves that arrive at the seismograph |
| surface waves | the last waves that arrive at the seismograph |
| surface waves | the waves that create the most damage to buildings |
| surface waves | the waves that move the slowest |
| tsunamis | large waves causing disruption in the oceans, caused by earthquakes |
| aftershocks | can arrive days or months after an earthquake causing damage to buildings |
| composite volcano | tall, cone shaped mountain in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash |
| cinder cone volcano | a tall, cone shaped mountain made of volcanic ash, cinders and bombs |
| shield volcano | a wide, gently sloping mountain formed by quiet eruptions of lava |
| geysers and hot springs | 2 types of geothermal activity |
| geyser | a fountain of water and steam that erupts from the ground |
| lava plateau | layers of thin, runny lava that flow over a wide area and build up |
| volcanic neck | when magma hardens in a volcano's pipe it creates this land form |
| hot spring | when groundwater heated by magma rises to the surface |
| batholith | a mass of rock that forms when a large body of magma cools inside the earth |
| magma | molten material that stays under the surface of the curst |
| caldera | the collapse of a volcano's magma chamber may produce this |
| rock salt (chemical) | kind of rock that is formed by the evaporation of ancient seas |
