| A | B |
|---|
| Ecology | Interaction of all organisms in the enviornment |
| Biosphere | All living and non living things on the Earth |
| Species | A group of simular organisms |
| Population | Group of Species |
| Communities | assemblage of differnt populations that live together in a difined area |
| Ecosystems | Collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place, together with their non living enviornment |
| Biome | group of ecosystems |
| Artificial Selection | man chooses the best traits to breed |
| Natural Selection | nature chooses the best traits to beed |
| Common desent | All the descented from same ansestor |
| homologous structures | same thing when their born |
| vestigal structures | structures that are there but are used very little |
| Hybridization | crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best of both organisms |
| Genetic Engineering | making changes in the DNA code of a living organism, works almost the same way |
| Recombination & DNA | they are produced by combining DNA from different sources |
| Transgenic | contains genes from other speices |
| 3 componets a nucleotide made of? | deoxyribose molecule, nitrogen base, and phosphate group |
| Name the four nitrogen bases | adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine |
| Whats the backbone, or ladder made of? | sugar and phosphate groups |
| DNA's shape | double helix |
| What scientists discovered DNA model and how it works? | James Watson and Franis Crick |
| Which nitrogen bases are based together? | thymine and guanine |
| Where are they located on the DNA double helix? | rungs of the ladder |
| DNA located in a prokaryotic cell? | Chromosome |
| DNA located in a eukaryotic cell? | cytoplasm |
| How many chromosomes do diploid human cells have? | 46 chromosomes |
| Whats significant about DNAs length and how it fits into the cell? | 16mm must be folded into only one thousanth of its length |
| Diploid | Is the same - 1/2 the chromosones from the father and 1/2 from the mother |
| Haploid | A set of chromosomes containing only one member of each chromosome pair. The sperm and egg are haploid and, in humans, have 23 chromosomes. |
| Meiosis | is a process of reductional division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half |
| Tetrad | A four-part structure that forms during the prophase of meiosis |
| Crossing Over | A process occurring during meiosis wherein two chromosomes pair up and exchange segments of their genetic material. |
| Fertilization | a characteristic or property of some object |
