| A | B |
|---|
| axon | carries messages away from the cell body |
| dendrites | carries messages into the cell body |
| meninges | protective covering of the brain |
| 3 layers of the meninges | dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater |
| lumbar puncture | diagnostic test of the cerebral spinal fluid |
| cerebrum | largest part of the brain, divided into 4 lobes and 2 hemispheres |
| synapse | place where a message travels from one neuron to another |
| neurotransmitter | the chemical that allows a message to "jump" from one neuron to another |
| structures of the central nervous system | brain and spinal cord |
| structures of the peripheral nervous system | peripheral nerves including 12 prs. of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves |
| 4 protective structures of the brain | cranium, meninges, blood brain barrier, CSF |
| sensory neurons | carry messages from the environment to the CNS |
| motor neuron | receives messages from the CNS causing muscles to react |
| protective structures of the spinal cord | vertebrae and CSF |
| multiple sclerosis | autoimmune disease where the body attacks the myelin sheath |
| Parkinson's disease | caused by a decrease of neurotransmitters resulting in tremors, shuffling gait, flat affect and muscle rigidity |
| meningitis | inflammation of the meninges most often caused by a bacterial or viral infection |
| epilepsy | seizure disorder |
| Alzheimer's disease | a progressive disease characterized by dementia with loss of memory |
| CVA | cerebral vascular accident caused by a blood clot or aneurysm in the brain |
| hemiplegia | right or left sided weakness |
| aphasia | difficulty speaking |
| dysphagia | difficulty swallowing |
| aneurysm | weakness in the wall of a blood vessel |
