| A | B |
|---|
| urine physical analysis | color, clarity, volume, specific gravity |
| urine chemical analysis | bacteria, WBCs, protein, glucose |
| CCMS | clean catch mid stream |
| C&S | culture and sensitivity |
| UTI | urinary tract infection |
| high specific gravity | first morning urine specimen |
| gastric fluid | evaluates stomach acid production |
| nasopharyngeal secretions | cultured to detect microorganisms that cause pneumonia, diphtheria |
| saliva | noninvasive specimen collection to detect alcohol and drug use |
| semen | assess fertility and vasectomy effectiveness |
| amniotic fluid | alpha-fetoprotein (fetal development), lung maturity, genetic testing |
| cerebrospinal fluid | specimen type to diagnose meningitis |
| serous fluid | indication of inflammation and infection around lungs, heart, and abdomen |
| sputum | diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infections |
| sweat | chloride content analysis for cystic fibrosis diagnosis |
| synovial fluid | identify or differentiate arthritis, gout, inflammatory conditions |
| buccal swab | cells from cheek used for DNA analysis |
| bone marrow | detect and identify blood diseases |
| breath samples | H. pylori (bacteria in stomach), lactose tolerance |
| feces (stool) | ova & parasites, occult blood |
| hair | trace and heavy metal analysis |
| throat swab | strep diagnosis |
| tissue specimen | biopsy to detect malignant cells |
