| A | B |
|---|
| kilocalorie | the unit used to measure energy value of food |
| digestion | the process by which your body breaks down food into simpler substances |
| enzyme | a type of protein produced by cells that cause chemical reactions |
| gastrointestinal tract | a muscular tube leading from the mouth to the anus |
| mastication | chewing |
| peristalsis | a series of squeezing actions by the muscles in the esophagus |
| gastric juices | hydrochloric acid, digestive enzymes and mucus in the stomach used to digest food |
| chyme | the mixture of gastric juices and chewed food in the stomach |
| bile | a digestive juice produce by the liver which aids fat digestion |
| feces | solid wastes resulting from digestion |
| absorption | the passage of nutrients from the GI tract into the circulatory or lymphatic system |
| villi | tiny, fingerlike projections in the lining of the small intestine that help catch nutrients |
| metabolism | all the chemical changes that occur as cells produce energy and materials needed to sustain life |
| ATP (adenosine triphospate) | stored energy found in muscle tissue |
| food allergy | a reaction of the immune system to certain proteins found in food |
| diarrhea | frequent expulsion of watery feces |
| constipation | hard feces resulting from chyme moving very slowly through the large intestine |
| indigestion | difficulty in digesting food |
| heartburn | a burning pain in the middle of the chest caused by stomach acid flowing back into the esophagus |
| ulcer | an open sore in the lining of the stomach or small intestine |
| gallstones | small crystals that from from bile in the gallbladder |
| diverticulosis | many abnormal pouches form in the intestinal wall |
