| A | B |
|---|
| Ellis Island | The immigration station located in New York Harbor. |
| Angel Island | The immigration station located in San Fransico Bay. |
| melting pot | A mixture of people of different cultures and races who blended together. |
| nativism | Overt favoritism toward native-born Americans. |
| Chinese Exclusion Act | It banned entry to all Chinese except students, teachers, merchants, tourists, and government officials. |
| Gentlemen's Agreement | Japan's government agreed to limit immigration of unskilled workers in exchange for repealling the San Fransico segregation order. |
| urbanization | Growth of cities. |
| Americanization movement | Assimilate people of wide-ranging cultures into the dominant culture. |
| tenement | Overcrowded and unsanitary multifamily urban dwellings. |
| mass transit | Transportation systems designed to move large numbers of people along fixed routes. |
| Social Gospel Movement | A reform program that preached slavation through service to the poor. |
| settlement house | Community centers in slum neighborhoods that provided assistnce to the people. |
| Jane Addams | An influential member of the settlement house movement. |
| political machine | An orgaized group that cotrolled the activities of a political party in a city. |
| graft | The illegal use of political influence fo personel gain. |
| Boss Tweed | The head of Tamany Hall, New York's Democratic political machine. |
| patronage | The giving of government jobs to people who helped the candidate get elected. |
| civil service | Merit system of hiring for government jobs. |
| Rutherford B. Hayes | Republican president who gradually reformed civil service. |
| James A. Garfield | President who was assassinated by a man he tured down for a job. |
| Chester A. Arhur | He took the presidency when the president was assassinated and became a reformer. |
| Pendleton Civil Service Act | Authorized a bipartisan civil service commission to make appointments to federal jobs based on merit. |
| Grover Cleveland | The democratic presidential candidiate in 1884 who tried to lower tariffs. |
| Benjamin Harrison | He defeated Cleveland for Cleveland's reelection and passed the McKinley Tariff Act. |
