| A | B |
|---|
| recombinanat DNA | combined DNA with one organism to the DNA of another oranism |
| genome | all the DNA in a haploid number of chromosomes |
| NIH | national institute of health |
| James Watson | first head of the human genome project |
| Paul Berg | first to make recombinant DNA |
| Maxam Gilbert and Sanger | successfully sequenced DNA |
| Craig Vinter | started a private company spurred the US govt to put more effort into human genome project |
| restriction enzyme | bacterial enzymes that cut up (viral) DNA |
| DNA ligase | enzyme that seals nicks in recombined DNA |
| plasmid | small circular strand of bacterial DNA that codes for a few genes |
| cloning vector | a plasmid with foreign DNA that is put into another organism |
| reverse transcriptase | viral enxyme that used mRNA as a template to make cDNA |
| cDNA | created by a strand of mRNA to make complementary DNA |
| gene library | all bacterial cells that contain different cloned DNA fragments |
| probe | a piece of DNA labeled with a radioiostope |
| nucleic acid hybridization | DNA or RNA are joined from more than one source |
| PCR | polymerase chain reaction |
| PCR | process that makes many copies of DNA fragments |
| primer | nucleotide fragments that encourage DNA synthesis |
| DNA fingerprint | unique sequences of bases of every sexually reproduced organism |
| tandem repeats | many copies of short sections of DNA |
| gel electrophoresis | a technique that pulls DNA through a semisolid matrix |
