| A | B |
|---|
| Peninsula | A body of land with water on three sides |
| Agamemnon | Mycenaean king who used the Trojan Horse to win the war |
| Colonies | A settlement in a new territory that keeps close ties to it's homeland |
| Polis | Greek city-state which was like a tiny independent country |
| Tyrant | Someone who takes power by force and rules with total authority |
| Oligarchy | Government in which a small group of people holds power |
| Democracy | Government in which all citizens share in the runnig of the government |
| Helots | Spartan word that meant slave, it came from the Greek word "capture" |
| Persia | The lands and people of the area that is today southwestern Iran |
| Cyrus the Great | Persian king who managed to unite the Persians into the most powerful kingdom the world had ever seen in the 500s B.C. |
| Satrapies | Persian provinces |
| Satrap | Persian governors of provinces who acted as tax collector, judge, chief of police, and head recruiter for the Persian army |
| Zoroastrianism | Persian religion that believed in one god, that humans had the freedom to choose between right and wrong, and that good would triumph over evil |
| Xerxes | Son of Darius, this Persian king vowed revenge on the Athenians and launched a new invasion of Greece |
| Themistocles | Athenian General who had a plan to stop Xerxes invasion |
| Thermopylae | A narrow pass in the mountains of Greece where the 300 Spartans held off the Persian army long enough for Athens to assemble their navy |
| Salamis | A narrow strait where the Greek navy destroyed almost all of the Persian fleet |
| Delian League | A group of Greek city-states led by Athens that promised to defend it's members against the Persians |
| Direct Democracy | System of government where people gather at mass meetings to decide on government matters |
| Representative Democracy | A system of government where citizens choose a smaller group to make laws and government decisions on their behalf |
| Pericles | The greatest Athenian statesman and general who led Athens for more than 30 years |
| Philosophers | Thinkers who pondered questions about life |
| Aspasia | She was not an Athenian but she advised Pericles, taught public speaking, and was well educated |
