| A | B |
|---|
| Physical changes in the hair are | relatively mild |
| Static electricity in hair is increased by | drying |
| Changing water from ice to steam is an example of a | physical change |
| Porous hair that is to be chemically changed in permanent waving will usually require | weaker solutions |
| A typical salon service that involves chemical change is a | permanent wave |
| When solutions are made by dissolving compounds in water, their reaction is either acid, neutral or | alkaline |
| The pH of a solution represents its degree of | acidity or alkalinity |
| A solution that has a pH number between zeor and seven will tend to be | acid |
| Conditioners, cream rinses and other preparations designed to restore hair to normal, generally have a/an | low pH figure |
| One advantage of using soapless or acid balanced shampoos is the elimination of | excess swelling of the cuticle |
| Since the astringent effect of mild acids will cause cuticle scales to press down more firmly, hair sheen or luster will | increase |
| Solutions are considered to be mildly alklaine in the pH range of | 7.5 to 10.0 |
| Normally resistant hair will be more readily penetrated by preparations that are | mildly alklaine |
| Hair will appear drab and dull when left in a | mildly alkaline state |
| Hydrogen peroxide solutions must be stabilized with | mild acids |
| Matter comes in the form of solids, liquids and | gases |
| Matter can be subdivided into elements and | compounds |
| The properties of an element are the same as the properties of its | individual atoms |
| When two or more different kinds of atoms are locked together it is called a/an | molecule |
| Typical compounds are water, alcohol, ammonium thioglycolate and | hydrogen peroxide |
| The mixture that results from the combination of a compound and a solvent is known as a/an | solution |
| The ability of a solvent to dissolve a compound stems from a natural attraction between | molecules |
| One of the safest and best solvents touse on the hair is | water |
| The most common emulsions used for hair services are oil-in-water and | water-in-oil |
| When water molecules enter the cortex of dry hair, they restore the natural moisture content which is about | 10% |
| Physcial bonds hold parallel chains of polypeptides together and in this role they support | chemical bonds |
| The most numerous cross-bonds found in hair are | hydrogen bonds |
| The sulphur cross-bonds within the cortex are also known as | cystine bonds |
| In the case of cystine bonds, there must be direct contact between two | sulphur atoms |
| The greatest strength and elasticity of hair is due to the | peptide bonds in the cortex |
| The formation of hair begins with the | digestion of proteins |
| Amino acids that will be usd by the body in the formation of hair are transported by the bloodstream to the | capillaries in each papilla |
| The portion fo the papilla that is directly responsibile for the production of new hair cells is | germinative layer |
| As a newly formed hair cell pushes upward through the zone of keratinization, the nucleus dies and the cell wall | disappears |
| As the amino acids become joined together by peptide bonds, they are then called | polypeptide chains |
| All cross-bonds are in their corresponding straight positions in the case of | naturally staright hair |
| With reference to hair structure and chemistry the symbol "H" refers to | physical or hydrogen bonds |
| Excess swelling and snarling of hair in wet setting can be prevented by using setting lotions with a/an | acid pH |
| A hair set will hold just as long as | moisture is kept out of the cortex |
| The shrinking and hardening of the cuticle imbrications is a beneficial effect of setting lotions that are | mild acids |
| Through brushing the hair it is possible to remove | large particles of dirt |
| The tail of a shampoo molecule has a strong affinity for | dirt and grease |
| A thick, rich lather is caused by | trapped air bubbles |
| The number of shampoo molecules that cling to the fiber, dirt, oil and grease depends upon the | amount and type of shampoo used |
| Matting and tangling of the hair strands during shampooing is generally caused by massage and | lifted cuticle imbrications |
| Excess alkali is added to soaps and shampoos for the purpose of | counteracting acids |
| The head of the molecule found in soap shampoos is usually | ammonia |
| Anti-static compounds, added to soapless shampoos, tend to reduce | fly-away hair |
| Because soapless shampoos can be pre-designed or "tailor-made" they have tremendous | flexibility |
| The word "detergent" is usually associated with | soapless shampoos |
