| A | B |
|---|
| "All things are connected" | Chief Seattle |
| volcanoes and wetlands release: | sulfur |
| food chain | the direct relationship of what is eaten by what; shows the flow of energy from one organism to another |
| energy pyramid | a diagram thatshow how energy is lost from one level of the food chain to the next |
| numbers pyramid | (triangle) shows the reducing number of organisms that can be supported at each level of the food chain |
| only what % of energy is passe from one trophic level to the next level | 10% |
| bottom of the pyramid of numbers | producers |
| niche | the role played by an organism in its environment |
| producers | organisms that can make their own food using the sun's light energy |
| consumers | herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, detrivores |
| herbivores | eat only plants; cannot make their own food |
| carnivores | eat meat (they eat herbivores or other carnivores) |
| omnivores | eat both plants and animals |
| detrivores | eat dead, organic matter and waste products |
| detritus | feces, bits of decaying flesh or plant matter, and leaf litter |
| ex. of omnivores | gray foxes, bears, wild boars, southern flying squirrels, rats, wild turkey... |
| ex. of detrivores | snails, clams, fiddler crabs, earthworms, millipedes... |
| decomposers | nature's clean-up crew an recyclers (bacteria and fungi) |
| food chain | shows who eats whom |
| food web | model that shos all the possile feeding relationships in a community |
| prey | organisms that are eaten |
| predator | an organism tht kills and eats another organism |
| mimicry | adaptations in some species to resemble another species, may provide protection from predators or other advantages |
| camouflage | adaptations that allow a species to blend with their surroundings |
| carrion | dead or decaying flesh |
| symbiosis | permanent, close association etween two or more organisms of different species |
| mutualism | a symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit |
| scavengers | organisms that do not necessarily kill other organisms for food; they eat carrion |
| ex. of scavegers | vultures, American burying beetle |
| ex. of mutualism | wrasse fish and other fish |
| lichens | symbiotic relationship between algae and fungus (thought to be mutualistic) |
| commensalism | relationship where one organism benefits and the other is not helped or harmed |
| ex. of commensalism | epiphytes |
| parasitism | one organism benefits and one is harmed |
| competition | interaction among organisms as they try to use the same natural resources |
| alien (exotic) species | non-native species; often out-competes native species |
| stratification | the use of different layers of a habitat by different species |
