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| A key factor in determining appropriate haircoloring services is understanding the client's | motivation |
| Once a stylist demonstrates the ability to skillfully color a client's hair, the client will generally | remain loyal |
| In choosing hair color for a client, a determining factor is the hair | structure |
| The layer of the hair that provides strength and elasticity is the | cortex layer |
| The outermost layer of the hair that protects and provides strength is the | cuticle layer |
| In individual hair strands, hair texture is determined by the | diameter |
| Hair color applied to fine hair may look | darker |
| Haircoloring services on coarse-textured hair may take | longer to process |
| Hair with a tight cuticle resistant to moisture or chemicals is defined as having | low porosity |
| The predominant melanin that gives black or brown color to hair is | eumelanin |
| Pigment that lies under the natural hair color is the | contributing pigment |
| The lightness or darkness of a color is called the | level |
| The system used by colorist is analyze the lightness or darkness of a hair color is the | level system |
| Hair color levels are arranged on a scale from | 1 to 10 |
| Hair color tones can be described as | warm, neutral, and cool |
| Colors that absorb light and appear darker than their actual level are | cool colors |
| Warm tones reflect light and may appear | lighter |
| Colors that are described as sandy or tan are considered | natural tones |
| The first step in performing a haircolor service is to identify | natural levels |
| Colors that we see are contained in the | visible light spectrum |
| Artificial hair colors are developed from the primary and secondary colors that form | base colors |
| A color that will help minimize orange tones in the hair is a | blue base color |
| A system that is used to understand color relationships is the | law of color |
| Colors that are pure or fundamental and cannot be achieved from a mixture are | primary colors |
| The primary colors are | yellow, blue, and red |
| The darkest and only cool primary color is | blue |
| Red added to blue-based colors will cause them to appear | lighter |
| A color achieved by mixing a secondary color and its neighboring primary | tertiary color |
| Equal proportions of primary colors will produce | black |
| A secondary color is obtained by mixing a secondary color equal parts of two | primary colors |
| A primary and secondary color positioned opposite each other on the color wheel are | complementary colors |
| Complementary colors are used in color formulation to | neutralize each other |
| The process of diffusing natural color pigment or artificial color from the hair is | hair lightening |
| All permanent hair color products and lighteners contain an oxidizing agent and a (n) | alkalizing ingredient |
| A hair-lightening process occurs when the alkaline peroxide | breaks up the melanin |
| Temporary color pigment molecules do not penetrate because they are | large |
| Semipermanent hair color on average should last | 4 to 6 weeks |
| Hiarcoloring that penetrates the hair shaft and is formulated to deposit but not lift color is | demipermanent hair color |
| Demipermanent hair color is available in a variety of formulas including | creams, gels, and liquid |
| Uncolored dye precursors that can be diffused into the hair shaft are used in | permanent hair color formulas |
| Dye precursors that combine with hydrogen peroxide to form larger tint molecules are | aniline derivatives |
| Although many semipermanent and demipermanent colors use alkalizing agents other than ammonia, they are not necessarily any less | damaging |
| Permanent haircoloring products are mixed with | hydrogen peroxide |
| Permanent hair color products used for gray hair remove natural pigment and | add artificial color |
| To provide maximum lift in a one-process color service, most high-lift colors require | 40 volume peroxide |
| Haircoloring products that change hair color by creating a progressive buildup contain | metallic colors |
| The most common developer used in haircoloring is | hydrogen peroxide |
| Lighteners are chemical compounds that lighten natural hair pigment by dispersing, dissolving, and | decolorizing |
| When hydrogen peroxide is mixed with a lightener formula, it releases | oxygen |
| During the decolorization process, natural hair can go through as many as | 10 stages |
| Toners are used to achieve pale, delicate colors and are applied to create the correct degree of | contributing pigment |
| The test required by the U.S. Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act to determine client allergies or sensitivities is the | predisposition test |
| To determine how hair will react to a selected color formula, perform a (n) | preliminary strand test |
| When selecting a semipermanent color, remember that color applied on top of color contains | a darker color |
| Permanent hair color applications are classified as double-process or | single process |
| The application process that is used for first-time color applications is | virgin application |
| Overlapping color can cause breakage and create a sign of roots or | line of demarcation |
| Double-process lightening is prelightening hair to a very blonde stage and applying a | toner |
| For a single-process color for virgin hair, the color processes fastest at | the scalp |
| Cream lighteners are formulated to be used | on the scalp |
| The three forms of hair lighteners are | oil, powder, and cream |
| An oxidizer added to hydrogen peroxide to increase its lifting power action is a (n) | activator |
| A technique of coloring strands of hair darker than the natural color is | lowlighting |
| A foil technique where a straight and narrow section of hair at the scalp is positioned for color or lightener application is | slicing |
| In the foil technique when selected strands are picked up from a narrow section of hair with a zigzag motion of the comb, and lightener is applied in | weaving |
| When coloring for a client with 80 to 100 percent gray, the color levels that provide the best coverage are | level 7 and darker |
| To cover unpigment hair in a salt-and-pepper client, the color formulation should be | two levels lighter than the natural level |
| Pretreating gray or very resistant hair to allow for better penetration is | presoftening |
| Preparations designed to equal porosity and deposit a base color in one application are | fillers |
| To increase the longevity of a professional color service and preserve the health of client's hair, the stylist shoudl encourage them to use only | professional products |
