| A | B |
|---|
| birth control | any method used to reduce births, including celibacy, delayed marriage, contraception |
| crude birth rate | number of births in a year divided by the midyear population |
| crude death rates | number of deaths per thousand persons in a given year |
| demographic transition | a pattern of falling death rates and birthrates in response to improved living conditions |
| demography | vital statistics about people: births, marriages, deaths, etc. |
| dependency ratio | the number of non working members compared to working members for a given population |
| family planning | controlling reproduction |
| life expectancy | average age that a newborn infant can expect to attain in a particular time and place |
| natural increase | crude death rate subtracted from crude birthrate |
| neo-Malthusians | a belief that the world is characterized by scarcity and competition in which too many people fight for too few resources |
| pronatalist pressures | influences that encourage people to have children |
| social justice | equitable access to resources and the benefits derived from them |
| total fertility rate | number of children born to an average woman in a population during her entire reproductive life |
| total growth rate | net rate of population growth resulting from births, deaths, immigration and emigration |
| zero population growth | number of births at which people are just replacing themselves |
