| A | B |
| slave state | a state in which slavery is allowed |
| free state | a state in which slavery is not allowed |
| Union | the United States of America; the northern states during the Civil War |
| popular sovereignty | authority carried out by the people at large |
| fugitive | one who runs away from the law |
| abolitionist | an antislavery activist |
| tariff | fees (such as taxes) that support a government |
| states' rights | the idea that stes, not the federal government, should make the final decisions about matters that affect them |
| secession | the act of withdrawing membership from an organization or union |
| Confederacy | the eleven Southern states that seceded from the United States in 1860 and 1861 |
| emancipation | liberation, especially from slavery |
| draft | forced enrollment in the armed forces |
| border states | slave states that remained part of the Union during the Civil War |