| A | B |
|---|
| globe | a spherical representation of the Earth |
| map | a representation, usually on a flat surface, of the whole or part of an area |
| cartographer | one who makes maps |
| great circle route | an imaginary line that follows the curve of the Earth and represents the shortest distance between two points |
| map projection | a mathematical formula used to represent the curved surface of the Earth on the flat surface of a map |
| planar projection | a map created by projecting an image of the Earth onto a plane |
| cylindrical projection | a map of Earth created by projecting Earth's image onto a cylinder |
| conic projection | a map of the Earth creatd by placing a cone over part of an Earth model |
| location | a specific place on the Earth |
| grid system | pattern formed as the lines of latitude and longitude cross one another |
| hemisphere | half of a shpere or globe, as in the Earth's Northnern and Southern Hemispheres |
| latitude | distance north or south from the equator measured in degrees |
| equator | the parallel of 0 degrees latitude from which other latitudes are calculated |
| longitude | distance measured by degrees or time east or west from the prime meridian |
| Prime Meridian | the meridian of 0 degrees longitude from which other longitudes are calculated |
| absolute location | the exact position of a place on the Earth's surface |
| Northern Hemisphere | the half of the Earth that lies north of the Equator |
| Southern Hemisphere | the half of the Earth that lies south of the Equator |
| Eastern Hemisphere | the part of Earth east of the Atlantic Ocean, including Europe, Asia, Australia, and Africa; longitudes 20W and 160E often considered its boundaries |
| Western Hemisphere | the half of the Earth comprising North and South America and surrounding waters; longitudes 20W and 160E often considered its boundaries |
| key | a map legend |
| scale bar | shows the relationship between map measurements and actual distance on Earth |
| compass rose | a map tool that indicates direction |
| cardinal directions | the four principal courses or routes of north, south, east, and west |
| intermediate directions | the courses or routes of northeast, northwest, southeast, and southwest |
| scale | the size of a picture, plan, or model of a thing compared to the size of the thing itself |
| relative location | the location in relation to other places |
| physical map | map that shows the location of natural features such as mountains and rivers; can also show cities and countries |
| topography | shape of the Earth's physical features |
| relief | the elevations or inequalities of a land surface |
| evelation | the height above the level of the sea |
| political map | map that shows the boundaries and locations of political units such as countries, states, counties, cities, and towns |
| human made | made by humans rather than by nature |
| thematic map | map that emphasizes a single idea or a particular kind of information about an area |
| qualitative map | map that use color, symbols, lines, or dots to show information related to a specific idea |
| flow-line map | map that shows the movement of people, animals, goods, ideas, and physical processes like hurricanes and glaciers |
