| A | B |
|---|
| Alphabet | form of writing; symbols represent sounds |
| City state | city and surrounding farmlands with an independent gov't |
| Covenant | a binding agreement |
| Diaspora | occurs when Jews live outside of Israel |
| Dynasty | a series of rulers from the same family |
| Hieroglyphics | Egyptian writing system |
| Irrigation | man-made system to direct water to fields |
| Monotheism | belief in one god |
| Pharaoh | Egyptian king |
| Polytheism | belief in many gods |
| Ziggurat | Sumerian temple |
| Code of Hammurabi | Babylonian law code |
| Nebuchadnezzar | King og New Babylon; built the Hanging Gardens |
| Menes | 1st phraraoh of Egypt |
| Phoenicians | Traders from Canaan; invented 1st alphabet |
| Moses | Led the Israelites out of slavery |
| Abraham | Founding father of Judaism |
| Hebrew | Israelite written language |
| Cuneiform | Sumerian written language; 1st written language |
| The Exodus | Israelites escaped from slvaery in Egypt |
| Israelites | first group to be monotheistic |
| Yahweh | Name of Israelite god |
| The Exile | Isralites forced to leave Israel; enslaved in Babylon |
| Torah | Jewish holy book |
| Hatshepsut | Female pharaoh; expanded trade |
| Ramses the Great | Egypt's greatest builder |
| Akhenaton | Egyptian pharaoh; only worshipped Aton |
| Jerusalem | capital of Kingdom of Israel |
