| A | B |
|---|
| Amino acid | A codon calls for a certain _____ (2 words) |
| AnaphaseI | Homologous pairs separate and move to opposite sides of the cell. |
| Bases | In comparing DNA to a ladder |
| Centromere | Round structure which holds duplicated chromosomes together. |
| Chromosomes | Packages of genetic information which are arranged in pairs. |
| Cloning | Produces many identical copies |
| Code | DNA contains the genetic _____. |
| Codon | Sequence of 3 nucleotides or 3 bases that code for an amino acid. |
| Crossing | Chromosomes become wrapped around each other and exchange genes - _____ over. |
| Deoxyribose | Sugar in DNA. |
| DNA | Twisted ladder |
| Duplication | Making a copy of a chromosome |
| Four | Number of bases found in DNA. |
| Gamete | egg or sperm |
| Gene | Section or region along a DNA molecule / chromosome |
| Genepharming | Use of transgenic animals to produce medicine |
| Genome | All of the genetic information of an individual or species |
| Gonads | Meiosis takes place in reproductive organs called _____. |
| Haploid | Half the normal number of chromosomes |
| Helix | The shape of a DNA molecule / chromosome is called a double _____. |
| Meiosis | A special kind of division which separates the pairs of chromosomes and produces gametes. |
| Messenger | Type of RNA that copies genetic instructions from DNA. |
| MetaphaseI | Homologous pairs line up in the middle of the spindle fibers. |
| mRNA | Copies genetic instructions from DNA & carries them to the ribosomes (abbrev.). |
| Mutation | Permanent change in sequence of bases in a gene. |
| Nucleotide | A sugar + phosphate + base. |
| Nucleotides | Building blocks of DNA |
| Protein | Enzymes are _____ molecules. |
| Reduction | Meiosis is a _____ division |
| Sequence | Everyone's DNA is different because everyone's base _____ is different. |
| Therapy | Inserting a normal gene to replace one that doesn't work - gene _____. |
| Transcription | Process of copying the genetic information from DNA to RNA. |
| Transfer | Type of RNA that delivers amino acids to ribosomes. |
| Transgenic | Organism which has had a foreign gene inserted into it. |
| Translation | Process of protein synthesis. |
| tRNA | Single stranded nucleic acid that transports amino acids to the ribosomes (abbrev.). |
| Replication | duplicating chromosomes |
| Testis | male gonad |
| Ovary | female gonad |
| Zygote | union of egg and sperm |
| ProphaseI | stage of meiosis where crossing over occurs |
| Nondisjunction | homologous pairs or chromosome strands fail to separate |
| Oogenesis | formation of eggs |
| Spermatogenesis | formation of sperm |
