| A | B |
|---|
| Plato | wrote The Republic and believed that education ruled society with a class of Philosopher Kings in charge |
| Aristotle | ancient Greek philobelieved that a government should serve the "greater good or common interest through a constitutional governemnt |
| Greek Democracy | had trial by jury, individual ideas were important, three branches of government, no power higher than the people |
| Republic of Rome | representatives elected by citizens, had assemblies like the Senate to debate laws, written law, equal protection under the law, innocent until proven guilty |
| Philosophy | study of thought and theories of how life and society should work |
| Voltaire | French philosopher who advocated for freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and believed an enlightened despot should rule |
| enlightened despot | an intellectual ruler, similar to a philospher king, Voltaire wanted this |
| middle class | the social class that Aristotle trusted the most |
| democracy | this type of government was not trusted by Voltaire or Aristotle because of uneducated majority |
| American Bill of Rights | list of individual rights for US citizens partially inspired by Voltaire |
| Rousseau | this French philosopher advocated for direct democracy |
| popular soveriegnty | the idea that the government gets its power from the consent of the governed |
| Rousseau and Locke | these two philosophers supported popular soveriegnty (consent of the governed) |
| general will | Rouseau believed that the best social contract obeyed the ________ of the people |
| natural rights | Locke believed that the government protected ________ which people were born with |
| Hobbes | advocated the strictest social contract because he believed people were selfish and evil |
| absolute monarch | the leader in Hobbes's social contract |
| absolute power | usually the type of power that a tyrant enjoys - unlimited and corrupt |
| Thomas Jefferson | the American founder who was heavily influenced by Locke |
| James Madison | the American founder who was heavily influenced by Montesquieu |
| separation of powers | Montesquieu's most influential philosophy |
| checks and balances | According to Montesquieu and the US Constitution, each branch can control the other with these |
| American Declaration of Independence 1776 | American document heavily influenced by John Locke's natural rights |
