| A | B |
|---|
| Matter | the material that all objects and substances are made of – anything that has mass and takes up space. |
| Volume | amount of space an object or substance takes up – measures in liters (L) or cubic centimeters (cm^3) |
| Graduated Cylinder | glass container with markings |
| Liters (L) | unit of liquid volume used with the SI (metric) system |
| Meniscus | curved surface of a liquid such as water where it meets the side of a container |
| Weight | a measure of the force of gravity on an object |
| Mass | amount of matter in something |
| Inertia | an object’s tendency to resist a change in motion |
| Newton (N) | SI unit for force |
| Physical Property | property of matter that can be observed without changing the composition or identity of the matter |
| Density | amount of mass (g) in a given volume (cm^3) of a substance or object – found by dividing an objects mass by its volume |
| Chemical Property | ability of a substance to change into a new substance with different properties by combining with other substances; for example – iron changing to rust by combing with oxygen |
| Combustion | rapid oxidation – also called burning |
| Solid | matter that has a definite shape and definite volume |
| Melting Point | temperature at which a substance changes from a solid state to a liquid state |
| Liquid | matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape |
| Gas | matter that has no definite volume or shape |
| Crystalline Structure | a solid which has its molecules arrange in a regular crystal like pattern |
| Amorphous Solid | a solid which has no specific arrangement with its molecules |
| Surface Tension | the force that acts on the surface of a liquid and that tends to minimize the area of the surface |
| Viscosity | the resistance of a gas or liquid to flow |
| Endothermic Reaction | a chemical reaction that require heat |
| Exothermic Reaction | a chemical reaction in which heat is released to the surroundings |
| Boiling Point | temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid state to a vapor state – same as condensation point for that substance. |
| Condensation | process in which matter changes from a gas (vapor) to a liquid state |
| Freezing Point | temperature at which a substance changes from a fluid state to a solid state – same as the melting point for a substance |
| Sublimation | change from the solid state to the gaseous state |
| Evaporation | change in matter from a liquid state to a vapor state = at a temperature below its boiling point |
| Pressure | amount of force exerted on a given area by an object or substance – SI unit is the Pascal (Pa) |
| Boyle’s Law | describes the relationship between pressure and volume at a constant temperature. As pressure increases the volume decreases and if volume increases then pressure decreases |
| Law of Conservation of Mass | states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed. It can only change form. |
| Charles’ Law | describes the relationship between temperature and volume at a constant pressure. Volume and temperature change in the same manner. |
