| A | B |
|---|
| conduction | the transfer of energy through matter by direct contact of particles |
| conductors | silver, copper, and aluminum are good ______________________ |
| fluid | any material that flows |
| convection | the transfer of energy by bulk movement of matter |
| liquids and gases | differ from solids because they flow |
| winds and ocean currents | examples of convection currents |
| radiation | transfer of energy in the form of waves |
| matter | radiation does not require _______________ |
| insulators | do not allow heat to move easily through |
| convection | reduce heat flow by conduction, _____________, and radiation |
| better | the higher the R-value the ______________ |
| roofs ceilings | higher R-values are needed for __________ and ________________ |
| radiator | device with a large surface area designed to heat the air near it by conduction |
| heat water | in a radiator system a furnace uses energy to _________________ which is then pumped through pipes to the readiators |
| fan | in a forced air system a __________ or blower forces heated air through a system of large pipes |
| uniform | electrical heating systems provide __________________ warmth |
| solar energy | energy from the sun is known as _________________---- |
| passive | in a ___________________ solar heating system large windows are place on the southside to receive maximum sunlight |
| solar collectors | active solar systems include ________________________ |
| tanks | some active solar systems have large, insulated _________________ for storing heated water |
| combustion | heat engines burn fuel in a process called ________________________ |
| internal combustion engines | gasoline and diesel engines are examples |
| spark plugs | a diesel engine has no _____________________ |
| twice | diesel engines are ___________ as efficient as gasoline engines |
| external combustion engines | fuel is burned to boil water on the outside of the engine |
| intake stroke | fuel-air mixture is drawn into the cylinder |
| compression stroke | the fuel-air mixture is compressed into a smaller space |
| power stroke | a spark plug ignites the fuel-air mixture and hot gases expand forcing the piston down |
| exhaust stroke | waste products from the burning fuel-air mixture are force out through the exhaust valve |
| heat mover | a device that removes thermal energy from one location and transfers it to another at a different temperature |
| refrigerator air conditioner | 2 examples of a heat mover |
| mechanical energy | the ________________ of moving water can be used to generate electricity |
| tropical subtropical | in _____________ or _________________ regions there is a higher temperature difference between surface and deeper water |
