| A | B |
|---|
| minerals | inorganic, solid materials found in nature |
| rocks | solid, inorganic materials made from 2 or more minerals |
| ways minerals can form | lava, evaporation, precipitation |
| crystals | solid materials that have a repeating pattern of atoms |
| cleavage | a property of minerals where the mineral splits into layer (example: mica) |
| fracture | when a mineral breaks into rough, jagged edges |
| luster | when minerals have properties such as being pearly, glassy, dull, shiny |
| gem | a mineral that is rare, and can be cut and polished |
| ore | a mineral that contains enough useful substance that it can be sold for a profit |
| igneous rocks | rocks that form when melted rock from the Earth cools |
| extrusive igneous rocks | a type of igneous rock that forms when melted rock cools on the Earth's surface |
| intrusive igneous rocks | a type of igneous rock that forms when melted rock cools below the Earth's surface |
| sedimentary rocks | rocks that form from sediments that collect in layers to form rocks |
| detrital | a type of sedimentary rock (examples are shale, siltstone, sandstone, and conglomerate) |
| organic | a type of sedimentary rock that forms when living matter dies, piles up, and compresses |
| chemical | a type of sedimentary rock that forms when landforms such as geysers evaporate |
| fossil | a type of sedimentary rock that is formed from the remains of a once living animal or plant |
| metamorphic rocks | new rocks that form when existing rocks are heated and squeezed over time |
| foliated | a type of metamorphic rock that has visible layers (example: slate and gneiss) |
| rock cycle | a process that describes how rocks are constantly changing from one type to another due to weather, heat and pressure, and magma |
