| A | B |
|---|
| What are the four most abundant elements in living cells? | carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen |
| Water and salts are.... | inorganic |
| The most abundant compound found in cytoplasm is... | water |
| One of the carbon compounds found in a cell has twice as many hydrogen atoms as oxygen atoms. This compound most likely belongs to the group of substances known as... | carbohydrates |
| Molecules made up of long chains of repeating units are called | polymers |
| An organic compound that has molecule that include both an amino group and a carboxyl group is a..... | protein |
| What element is present in living cells and in ALL organic compounds? | carbon |
| The process in which two monosaccharide molecules combine under certain conditions is an example of | dehydration synthesis |
| In most carbohydrate molecules, the ratio of hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms is | 2:1 |
| All carbohydrates are compounds that contain the elements... | carbon, hydrogen and oxygen |
| What is an organic compound found in most cells? | glucose |
| What is the building block of proteins? | amino acids |
| What process produces peptide bonds? | dehydration synthesis |
| What substance is an inorganic compound that is necessary for most of the chemical reactions to take place in living cells? | water |
| Water is produced as a waste product by the process of | dehydration synthesis |
| What are the building blocks of fats? | glycerol and fatty acids |
| Compared to carbohydrates, the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in lipids is... | always greater |
| Lipids include... | fats and oils |
| Amino acids are required in the human diet principally for the synthesis of... | proteins |
| The process by which amino acids are chemically joined together is called ... | dehydration synthesis |
| Hemoglobin is an example of a... | protein |
| Carbohydrates are made up of... | carbon hydrogen, oxygen with a H:O ratio of 2:1 |
| Lipids are made up of... | carbon, hydrogen, oxygen with a H:O ration of >2:1 |
| Proteins are made up of... | carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen |
| The building blocks of carbohydrates are... | monosaccharides or "simple sugars" |
| The building blocks of lipids are... | fatty acids and glycerol |
| The building blocks of proteins are... | amino acids |
| An example of a compound carbohydrate is... | disaccharides, polysaccharides (many simple sugars) |
| An example of a compound lipid is... | fats, oils and waxes |
| An example of a compound protein is... | muscle, enzymes, hemoglobin |
| The structure of carbohydrates is... | rings |
| The structure of lipids is... | chains |
| The structure of proteins is... | chains |
| The body uses carbohydrates for... | energy |
| The body uses lipids for... | stored energy, insulation, and cushioning(protections) |
| The body uses proteins for... | building and repairing, and as last resort energy |
| An example of carbohydrates is... | glucose, sucrose, lactose--"all end in "ose" which indicates a sugar |
| An example of a lipid is... | saturated fats (filled with hydrogen) and unsaturated fats (not filled with hydrogen) |
| An example of a protein is... | a carboxyl group or an amino group |
