| A | B |
|---|
| prime number | A whole number greater than one and that has EXACTLY two factors, one and itself. |
| composite number | A whole number greater than one that has more than two factors. |
| prime factorization | The process of expressing a number as a product of prime factors. |
| Greatest Common Factor (GCF) | The largest factor that two or more numbers have in common. |
| Least Common Multiple (LCM) | the smallest number that is a multiple of two or more numbers. |
| A number is divisible by 2... | ...if its last digit is 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8. |
| factor (noun) | A number that evenly divides into another number leaving no remainder. |
| neither prime nor composite | The numbers 0 and 1. |
| fractions | Rational numbers in the form a/b where b cannot equal 0. (Part of a whole) |
| decimals | Represent combinations of whole numbers and numbers between whole numbers. Place value is important when reading these types of numbers. |
| percent | A ratio comparing a number to 100. |
| perfect square | The square of a whole number. Examples: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100... |
| the square root of a perfect square | A rational number. |
| integers (Z or J) | The set of whole numbers and their opposites. Example: {...-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3...} |
| rational numbers (Q) | The set of all integers, fractions, repeating decimals and terminating decimals. |
| irrational numbers (I) | The set of all numbers that are non-terminating and non-repeating. Example: pi = 3.141592653... |
| natural numbers (N) | Also known as counting numbers. {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ...} |
| whole numbers (W) | The set of natural numbers and 0. {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,...} |
| real numbers (R) | The set of all rational and irrational numbers. |
| terminating decimal | A decimal whose digits end. Examples: 3.1, 5.798, and 3.4422 |
| repeating decimal | A decimal in which one or more digits repeat indefinitely. |
| absolute value | This value is the distance a number is away from zero. |
| meter | A unit of measurement for length. |
| gram | A unit of measurement for weight and mass. |
| liter | A unit of measurement for volume and capacity. |
| one year | 365 days, 52 weeks, 12 months |
| months | There are 12 of these in one year. |
| weeks | There are 52 of these in one year. |
| days | There are 7 of these in one week and 365 of these in one year. |
| hours | There are 24 of these in one day. |
| seconds | There are 60 of these in one minute. |
| minutes | There are 60 of these in one hour. |
| one yard | 3 feet |
| inches | There are 12 of these in one foot. |
| one foot | 12 inches |
| one gallon | 4 quarts, 8 pints, or 16 cups |
| one quart | 2 pints or 4 cups |
| one pint | 2 cups |
| one cup | 8 fluid ounces or 16 tablespoons |
| ounces | There are 8 of these in a cup. |
| one ton | 2000 pounds |
| one pound | 16 ounces |
| one tablespoon | 3 teaspoons |
| teaspoons | There are 3 of these in a tablespoon. |
| one mile | 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet |
| one metric ton | 1,000 kilograms |
| multiple | contains at least one factor of the number. For example, the multiples of 3 are: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, ... |
| A number is divisible by 3... | ...if the sum of its digits is divisible by 3. |
| A number is divisible by 4... | ...if the last two digits form a number that is divisible by 4 or if the last two digits are double zero. |
| A number is divisible by 5... | ...if its last digit is 0 or 5. |
| A number is divisible by 6... | ...if the number is divisible by 2 AND 3. |
| A number is divisible by 8... | ...if the last three digits is divisible by 8 or if the last two digits are triple zero. |
| A number is divisible by 9... | ...if the sum of its digits are divisible by 9. |
| A number is divisible by 10... | ...if its last digit is 0. |
| A number is divisible by 25... | ...if the last two digits are 00, 25, 50, or 75. |
| square root | One of two EQUAL factors of a number. |
