| A | B |
| Apostles' Creed | an early statement of faith composed in reaction to Gnosticism |
| Nicene Creed | statement of faith developed in response to Arianism |
| Arianism | heresy that denied the divinity of Jesus |
| Gnosticism | heresy that denied the humanity of Jesus |
| Gnostics | people who believed that they had special secret knowledge that guaranteed them salvation |
| Arians | followers of Atius who believed Jesus was a created being, not divine |
| heresy | a belief that is contrary to an essential element of the faith |
| apostate | someone who publcily renounces their faith |