| A | B |
|---|
| Artifacts | Things that were made by humans long ago that still exist today. They help historians paint a picture of what life might have been like in the past |
| Artisans | were skilled workers who made metal products, cloths, and pottery |
| Babylon | the center of the Chaldean Empire |
| Bronze | a mixture of copper and tin that was used by people of the Neolithic Age |
| Caravan | a group of traveling merchants in ancient Sumer |
| Cuneiform | the ancient writing system of the Sumerians |
| Empire | many different lands controlled by one ruler |
| Epic | a long poem that tells the story of a hero |
| Hammurabi | wrote a legal code that covered most areas of daily life |
| Historians | study and write about our human past |
| Hittites | developed a system for making iron very strong |
| Ice Ages | a time of extreme cold in our history when great sheets of ice covered parts of the earth |
| irrigation | controlling water through the use of dams, channels, walls, and ditches |
| Jericho | one of the oldest known cities in the world |
| Mesopotamia | a "cradle civilization"; one of the first civilizations in human history. Climate hot and dry |
| Middle class | a group made of artisans, merchants, farmers, and fisherman in ancient Sumer |
| Mud-brick | primary building material used by Sumerians |
| Nebuchadnezzar | a Chaldean King who built the Hanging Gardens to please his wife |
| Paleolithic Age | the Old Stone Age time period between 2,500,000 B.C. and 8000 B.C. |
