| A | B |
| elapsed time | The difference between a starting time and an ending time. |
| thermometer | A tool to measure temperature. |
| earth material | A nonliving substance that makes up or comes from the earth. |
| energy transfer | The change of energy from one form to another, or the movement of energy from one object to another. |
| heat sink | A material, such as water, that can absorb a large amount of heat for its volume and release the energy slowly. |
| solar energy | The energy from the Sun. It can be felt as heat. |
| shadow | The dark area created by an object that stops light. |
| orientation | The position or arrangement in relation to another position or location. |
| compass | An instrument used to determine direction. The needle always points north (magnetic north) |
| Sun | A star around which Earth and other planets revolve. It provides heat, light, and energy. |
| direction | The course or line along which something moves, lies, or points. |
| temperate | mild |