| A | B |
| John Jacob Astor | Founded the American Fur Company in Oregon |
| mountain men | fur trappers and traders |
| Oregon Trail | Independence to Oregon City |
| Santa Fe Trail | Trade route Independence to Mexico |
| Mormons | Followers of Joseph Smith who settled in Utah |
| Brigham Young | Mormon leader who chose Salt Lake City |
| Father Miguel Costilla | led a Mexican rebellion against Spain in 1810 |
| empresrios | land agents from Mexico |
| Stephen F. Austin | started a colony with 300 American families |
| Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna | Mexican general who fought Texans in the Texas Revolution |
| Alamo | Mission where 200 Texans fought Santa Anna |
| Battle of San Jacinto | ended the Texas Revolution |