| A | B |
|---|
| Alexander Hamilton | first secretary of treasury who wanted to pay total value of all bonds |
| national debt | money owed by the U.S. |
| bonds | certificate of debt that promise to buy back the bonds at a higher price |
| speculators | people who buy low and try to sell higher |
| Thomas Jefferson | first secretary of state who disagreed with Hamilton over bonds |
| loose construction | federal government can take reasonable actions that the Constitution does not forbid |
| strict construction | the government can only do what the Constitution specifically says it can do |
| Bank of the United States | stabilized the U.S. economy as the country's first national bank |
