| A | B |
| bias | leaning toward or against a certain person, group, or idea |
| archaeology | study of evidence left by early people in order to find out about their way of life |
| hunter-gatherer | tracked animals along with seeds, nuts, and berries |
| culture | total way of life people follow to satisfy their needs and wants |
| strait | narrow channel of water |
| civilization | group of people with an advanced culture |
| causeways | raised highways over water |
| tribute | tax in goods or service |
| plantantions | large farms that usually produce only one crop for sale |
| viceroy | governor of New Spain or Peru |
| pueblo | Spanish colonial town |
| mission | religious settlement |
| presidio | Spanish fort |
| Cibola | land of 7 cities of gold |
| conquistador | conqueror |
| isthmus | narrow strip of land connecting larger pieces |
| primary source | first hand information about people or events |
| secondary source | provides an account after the fact by people who did not directly witness the event |
| chronology | sequence of events over time |
| land bridge | first Americans crossed from Asia to North America |
| hieroglyphs | picture writing |
| artifacts | objects made by humans |
| authenticity | reliability of the source |
| Northwest Passage | an all water route through North America to Asia |