| A | B |
|---|
| encode | to represent information in some form in the memory system. |
| stage theory of memory | a model of memory based on the idea that we store information in three separate but linked memories. |
| rehersal | mental repetition of information for retention in short-term memory. |
| short-term memory (STM) | the second stage of memory |
| sensory register | the first stage of memory |
| long-term memory (LTM) | the third stage of memory |
| procedural memory | memory for motor movements and skills. |
| semantic memory | memory for meaning without reference to the time and place of learning episodic memory |
| serial position effect | immediate recall of items listed in a fixed order is often better for items at the beginning and end of the list than for those in the middle. |
| levels of processing model | an alternative to the stage theory of memory stating that the distinction between short-term and long-term memory is a matter of degree rather than different kinds of memory and is based on how incoming information is processed. |
| elaboration | the process of creating associations between a new memory and existing memories. |
| decay theory | the theory that forgetting occurs as the memory trace fades over time. |
| interference theory | the theory that forgetting occurs because similar memories interfere with the storage or retrieval of |
| proactive interference | interference created by memories from prior learning. |
| retroactive interference | interference created by memories from later learning. |
| schema theory | the theory that information stored in LTM sometimes changes over time to become more consistent with our beliefs |
| repression | Sigmund Freud's theory that forgetting occurs because the conscious mind often deals with unpleasant information by pushing it into unconsciousness. |
| motivated forgetting | forgetting that is believed to be based on the upsetting or threatening nature of the information that is forgiven. |
| engram | the as yet unidentified memory trace in the brain that is the biological basis of memory. |
| synaptic facilitation | the process by which neural activity causes structural changes in the synapses that facilitate more efficient learning and memory. |
| anterograde amnesia | disorder of memory characterized by an inability to store and/or retrieve new information in long-term memory. |
| retrograde amnesia | a memory disorder characterized by an inability to retrieve old long-term memories |
| Korsakoff's syndrome | a disorder involving both anterograde and retrograde amnesia caused by excessive use of alcohol. |
| hippocampus | the forebrain structure believe to play a key roll in long-term memory. |
