| A | B |
|---|
| civilization | a place where people work together, they have a government, system of laws, form of writing, a way to earn a living, they also develop their own customs & culture (way of doing things) |
| Code of Hammurabi | 1st set of written laws - 1750 BCE |
| cuneiform | one of the earliest forms of writing in Sumeria |
| Fertile Crescent | fertile land located from Mesopotamia (Iraq) & the Persian Gulf to Israel & the Mediterreanean Sea ? looks like a Crescent moon |
| Mesopotamia | a civilization around 3500 - 500 BC located in modern -day Iraq ? Sumeria & Babylonia were part of Mesopotamia |
| obelisk | tall thin stone rising into the air ? a tower |
| polytheism | the belief in more than 1 god |
| Tigris & Euprates Rivers | center of Sumerian/Mesopotamian civilizations |
| absolute monarchy | when the ruler has TOTAL power |
| Africa | a continent ? bordered on the west by the Atlantic Ocean, the north by the Mediterrean Sea, and the east by the Indian Ocean ? it contains many nations ? AND 2 distinct cultures ? Arab in the north ? black African in the south ? the dividing point is the Sahara Desert |
| Ancient Egypt | a civilization centered around the Nile River 3100 BCE - 900 BCE |
| annex | to take over an area, to expand your nation/land |
| arable | land good for growing crops ? such as the Nile River Valley |
| Axum/Aksum | located in Ethiopia - this civilization traded with Asia: India |
| banish | to kick out |
| beaucracy | government officials, they help run the day-to-day affairs of government |
| bureaucracy | government officials, they help run the day-to-day affairs of government |
| chariots | a cart pulled by a horse - used in battle |
| delta | where a river empties into a sea or lake ? the mud which is washed down the river & remains at the mouth of the river |
| desertification | when the desert expands - takes away valuable farmland |
